High Valyrian Vocabulary
From Dothraki
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:''{{HVverb|b|a}}'' to rage on | :''{{HVverb|b|a}}'' to rage on | ||
:{{quote|Vīlībāzma ajomemēbza,|The war rages on}} | :{{quote|Vīlībāzma ajomemēbza,|The war rages on}} | ||
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* '''ampa''' ['ampa] ''indec.'' {{ID|ampa}} | * '''ampa''' ['ampa] ''indec.'' {{ID|ampa}} | ||
: ''{{num}}.'' ten. | : ''{{num}}.'' ten. | ||
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: ''n. {{3ter}}.'' prayer ''( < ''{{HVlex|jorepagon}}'' + ''{{HVder|-non}}''.)'' | : ''n. {{3ter}}.'' prayer ''( < ''{{HVlex|jorepagon}}'' + ''{{HVder|-non}}''.)'' | ||
: {{quote|Jeva jorepna ryptas se pōnte udlitas.| He has heard your prayers and answered them.}} | : {{quote|Jeva jorepna ryptas se pōnte udlitas.| He has heard your prayers and answered them.}} | ||
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* '''jorrāelagon''' [jor'raːɛ̯lagon] {{ID|jorrāelagon}} | * '''jorrāelagon''' [jor'raːɛ̯lagon] {{ID|jorrāelagon}} | ||
:''{{HVverb|l}}'' to hold dear, to love; to need <ref>http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-83146</ref>''( < ''{{HVder|jo-}}'' + ''{{HVlex|rāelagon}}''.)'' | :''{{HVverb|l}}'' to hold dear, to love; to need <ref>http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-83146</ref>''( < ''{{HVder|jo-}}'' + ''{{HVlex|rāelagon}}''.)'' | ||
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=== K === | === K === | ||
− | * '''kaerīnio''' [ | + | * '''kaerīnio''' [kaɛ̯ɾiːni͡o] {{ID|kaerīnio}} |
− | : ''n. {{ | + | : ''n. {{3ter}}.'' savior ''(prob. '''''*kaerīñagon''''' + ''{{HVder|-io}}''.)'' |
: {{quote|Jemot kaerīnio jittas!|He has sent you a savior!}} | : {{quote|Jemot kaerīnio jittas!|He has sent you a savior!}} | ||
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*'''kasta''' ['kasta] ''-ys'', ''-on'', ''-or'' {{ID|kasta}} | *'''kasta''' ['kasta] ''-ys'', ''-on'', ''-or'' {{ID|kasta}} | ||
:''{{adj. I}}'' blue, green | :''{{adj. I}}'' blue, green | ||
* '''kēli''' ['keːli] {{ID|kēli}} | * '''kēli''' ['keːli] {{ID|kēli}} | ||
− | : ''n. {{5lun}}.'' cat, ''pauc.'' '''kēlin''' herd of cats | + | : ''n. {{5lun}}.'' cat, ''pauc.'' '''kēlin''' herd of cats{{AOLIref|page=44}}; '''qelbōñe kēli''' river otter; '''embōñe kēli''' sea otter. |
: {{Quote|Kēlir morghūlis|All cats must die.}}<ref>https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/373713198580371456</ref> | : {{Quote|Kēlir morghūlis|All cats must die.}}<ref>https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/373713198580371456</ref> | ||
* '''kēlio''' ['keːli͡o] {{ID|kēlio}} | * '''kēlio''' ['keːli͡o] {{ID|kēlio}} | ||
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* '''kepa''' ['kepa] {{ID|kepa}} | * '''kepa''' ['kepa] {{ID|kepa}} | ||
: ''n. {{1lun}}.'' father | : ''n. {{1lun}}.'' father | ||
− | : {{quote|riño kepa|the girl's father}} | + | : {{quote|riño kepa|the girl's father}}{{AOLIref|page=127}} |
*'''kesa''' ['kesa] ''-ys'', ''-on'', ''-or'' {{ID|kesa}} | *'''kesa''' ['kesa] ''-ys'', ''-on'', ''-or'' {{ID|kesa}} | ||
: ''{{HVpron|dem}} {{adj. I}}'' this'' proximal, inanimate'' | : ''{{HVpron|dem}} {{adj. I}}'' this'' proximal, inanimate'' | ||
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: ''{{HVverb|r}}?'' to brand ''(contains ''{{HVder|oz-}}''.)'' | : ''{{HVverb|r}}?'' to brand ''(contains ''{{HVder|oz-}}''.)'' | ||
: {{quote|Hae jeme istin. Sindity se liorty, qilonty se ozbārty, qrillaetty se vaogēdy.|I was once as you are now. Bought and sold, scourged and branded, raped and defiled.}} | : {{quote|Hae jeme istin. Sindity se liorty, qilonty se ozbārty, qrillaetty se vaogēdy.|I was once as you are now. Bought and sold, scourged and branded, raped and defiled.}} | ||
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=== P === | === P === | ||
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*'''tāemītsos''' ['taːɛ̯miːtsos] {{ID|tāemitsos}} | *'''tāemītsos''' ['taːɛ̯miːtsos] {{ID|tāemitsos}} | ||
− | : ''n. {{3sol}}.'' stick ''(diminutive of unattested | + | : ''n. {{3sol}}.'' stick ''(diminutive of unattested noun, presumably meaning something like ''branch''.)'' |
*'''tala''' ['tala] {{ID|tala}} | *'''tala''' ['tala] {{ID|tala}} | ||
:''n. {{1lun}}.'' daughter<ref>https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/335160470984069120, http://www.dothraki.com/2013/05/tȳni-tresi/</ref> | :''n. {{1lun}}.'' daughter<ref>https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/335160470984069120, http://www.dothraki.com/2013/05/tȳni-tresi/</ref> | ||
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: ''n. {{5aq}}.'' curve | : ''n. {{5aq}}.'' curve | ||
* '''tegon''' ['tegon] {{ID|tegon}} | * '''tegon''' ['tegon] {{ID|tegon}} | ||
− | : ''n. {{3ter}}.'' ground. ''pauc.'' {{HVlex|tegun}} land.<ref>But this has been cast into doubt by http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/94365589689/how-do-i-say-i-am-trent-of-the-land-in-high</ref> | + | : ''n. {{3ter}}.'' ground. ''pauc.'' {{HVlex|tegun}} land. ''coll.''<ref>But this has been cast into doubt by http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/94365589689/how-do-i-say-i-am-trent-of-the-land-in-high</ref> '''tegor''' lands ''collectively''.<ref name="tegor"> |
:Tegun is actually "land" (paucal, terrestrial). Tegor would work if you need to say "lands" collective (e.g. "These are my various lands"). | :Tegun is actually "land" (paucal, terrestrial). Tegor would work if you need to say "lands" collective (e.g. "These are my various lands"). | ||
—DJP, email, 2-9-2014.</ref> | —DJP, email, 2-9-2014.</ref> |
Revision as of 02:02, 30 April 2016
Contents |
High Valyrian Vocabulary List
A note about the IPA pronunciation guides here. The letter kh can also be pronounced gh, k or h depending on the speaker. The same happens with th which can vary between t, s or z depending on the speaker. Finally the vowel y should be pronounced [y] but is most often pronounced [i].
A
- ābra ['aːbra]
- ābrar ['aːbrar]
- ābrazȳrys [aːbra'zyːɾys]
- adere [a'deɾe]
- adj. II slippery; sleek, smooth; fast, quick
- aderī [a'deɾiː]
- adv. soon (adere + -ī.)
- Yn aderī, mōrī, aōt māzīli se hēnkirī īlvi biarvī manaerili. — But soon, when it is all over, we shall come to you and celebrate together.
- aderves [a'derves]
- addemmagon [ad'demmagon]
- v. C-fin. to pay, to satisfy, to make good, object is usually inanimate[4]
- Lannister va moriot zyha gēlȳnī addemmis. — A Lannister always pays his debts.
- āegenka [aːɛ̯'geŋka]
- adj. I iron ( < āegion iron + -enka)
- Āegenkor Tistālior jāhor gūrotriri emilza. — The Iron Bank will have its due.[5]
- āegion ['aːɛ̯gi͡on]
- Aeliks ['aɛ̯liks]
- prop. n. 3sol. Aelix
- āeksio ['aːɛ̯ksi͡o]
- āeksion ['aːɛ̯ksi͡on]
- Aerys ['aɛ̯ɾys]
- prop. n. 2sol. Aerys.
- ajomemēbagon [ajome'meːbagon]
- ampa ['ampa] indec.
- num. ten.
- amplie ['ampli͡e] -ior
- angogon[8] ['aŋgogon]
- perfect: angotan
- v. V-fin. to bite.
- Sparos rōbir angotas. — Who bit the fig?
- anne ['anne]
- n. horse[9]
- ānogar ['aːnogar]
- n. 1aq. blood.
- Nyke Daenerys Jelmāzmo hen Targārio Lentrot, hen Valyrio Uēpo ānogār iksan. — I am Daenerys Stormborn of the House Targaryen, of the blood of Old Valyria.
- ao ['aɔ̯]
- pers.pron. you (sing.).
- aōha [a'ɔːha] -ys, -on, -or
- aōhon [a'ɔːhon]
- aōhoso [a'ɔːhoso]
- adv. in your way, as you wish (ins. of aōha.)
- Aōhoso ziry rijībiā, se ñuhoso ziry rijībin. — You worship Him your way, and I'll worship Him mine.
- aōla [a'ɔːla]
- arakhi [a'ɾaxi], arakh [a'ɾax]
- arghugon ['aɾɣugon]
- v. V-fin. to hunt
- arghurys ['aɾɣuɾys]
- arlie ['aɾli͡e]
- adj. III new
- Jaehossi Uēpossi Arlȳssī. — By the Old Gods and the New.
- arlī ['aɾliː]
- adv. back, again(?) (lit. anew, < arlie + -ī.)
- Lo ziry arlī jaelāt, jemēlo syt ziry mazemagon jemo bēvilza. — If you want it back, you must take it for yourselves.
- arliñagon [aɾli'ɲagon]
- arlinio ['aɾlini͡o]
- arlinnon [aɾ'linnon]
- Astapor ['astapor]
- n. 3aq. Astapor.
- atroksia [a'troksi͡a]
- ātsio ['aːtsi͡o]
- n. 3lun tooth
- averilla [ave'ɾilla]
- avero [a'veɾo]
- azandy [a'zandy]
- n. 2lun. short sword
- azantyr [a'zantyr]
- azantys [a'zantys]
- n. 2sol. soldier, knight. (lit. swordsman, < azandy + -tys)
- Morghot nēdyssy sesīr zūgusy azantys vestras. — The knight says that even the brave men fear death.
B
- baes [baɛ̯s]
- n. 3sol summit.
- bāne ['baːne] -ior
- adj. II warm
- bantis ['bantis]
- n. 5sol. night
- Kesrio syt bantis zōbrie issa se ossȳngnoti lēdys. — For the night is dark and full of terrors[17]
- bardugon ['baɾdugon]
- v. V-fin. to write.
- perfect: bardutan
- bartos ['baɾtos]
- n. 3sol. head
- bē [beː]
- postp.→gen. on, on top of, upon; on (the subject of), about
- belmon ['belmon]
- n. 3ter. chain.
- Urnet luo buzdaro tolvio belma pryjātās! — Strike the chains off every slave you see!
- belmurtys [bel'muɾtys]
- n. 2sol.[13] slave master, slaver (prob. belmon + -uragon + -tys.)[18]
- Belmurtī ivestrās kesīr pōnte jiōrinna — Tell the slavers I will receive them here
- beqes ['beqes]
- n. 4sol. sow, female pig
- bēuvāedagon [beːu'vaːɛ̯dagon]
- bēvilagon [beːviˈlagon]
- v. Loc. appl. C-fin. to be necessary; bēvilza it is necessary +gen for... +inf. to... ( literally to lie upon, < bē- + u- + ilagon.)
- Lo ziry arlī jaelāt, jemēlo syt ziry mazemagon jemo bēvilza. — If you want it back, you must take it for yourselves.
- bianor [ˈbi͡anor] biādr-
- biare [ˈbi͡aɾe]
- adj. II happy
- Biarior Arlior Jēdari! — Happy New Year!
- biarves [ˈbi͡aɾves]
- n. 4sol. happiness, jubilation, luck, fortune[21] biarvī manaeragon to celebrate.
- Yn aderī, mōrī, aōt māzīli se hēnkirī īlvi biarvī manaerili. — But soon, when it is all over, we shall come to you and celebrate together.
- bībagon [ˈbiːbagon]
- v. C-fin. to suck
- bēvumbagon [beːˈvumbagon]
- bisa ['bisa] -ys, -on, -or
- bisir ['bisir]
- bisy ['bisy]
- blēnon ['bleːnon]
- n. 3ter. mountain
- bode ['bode]
- n. 5lun. tail
- bona ['bona] -ys, -on, -or
- bonir ['bonir]
- bony ['bony]
- bōsa ['boːsa] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I long either temporally or spatially, tall
- botagon [bo'tagon]
- v. C-fin. to suffer →inst., the thing suffered
- Lodaor hēnkos vējose hae Astaprot Yunkai botilza. — Otherwise, Yunkai will suffer the same fate as Astapor.
- to endure
- Valar botis — All men must endure[22]
- brāedāzma [braːɛ̯ˈdaːzma]
- brāedion [ˈbraːɛ̯di͡on]
- n. 3ter. copper
- brōzagon [ˈbroːzagon]
- perfect: brōstan
- v. C-fin. to name ( < brōzi.)
- In the reflexive to call oneself, to be named
- Skoroso jemēle brōzāt? — What are your names?
- brōzi [ˈbroːzi]
- bughegon [buˈɣegon]
- v. V-fin. to swim
- buzdari [buz'daɾi], buzdar [buz'dar]
- n. 6for. slave ( < AV buzdar < Ghiscari.)
- Zaldrīzes buzdari iksos daor. — A dragon is not a slave.
- byka ['byka] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I small
- byllie ['bylli͡e] -ior
- bȳre ['byːɾe] -ior
- bȳrēpsa [byː'ɾeːpsa] indec.
- num. sixty.
- bȳrīblie [byː'ɾiːbli͡e] -ior
D
- dāeremagon [daːɛ̯ɾe'magon]
- v. C-fin. (irreg.) to free ( < dāez + -emagon.)
- Dohaerirossa hen pōjo belmondo daerēdas se hen pōjo qringaomnoti Āeksia īlinurtas. — She has freed the slaves from their chains and crucified the Masters for their sins.
- dāerves ['daːɛ̯ɾves]
- n. 4sol. freedom. ( < dāez + -ves.)
- Dāerves jevys tepagon yne sytilībos daor. — Your freedom is not mine to give.
- dāez [daːɛ̯z] dāerior
- adj. II free.
- Yne sytivīlībilāt? Hae dāero valoti? — Will you fight for me? As free men?
- dakogon [da'kogon]
- daomio ['daɔ̯mi͡o]
- n 3lun. rain. coll. daomior.
- Kastāmiro Damior — The Rains of Castamere
- daor [daɔ̯r], [da'or]
- adv. not, intj. no.
- daoriot ['daɔ̯ɾi͡ot]
- indef.pron. adv. nowhere; daoriot jemas it doesn't matter, lit. it leads nowhere.
- daorun ['daɔ̯ɾun]
- indef.pron. 6pauc.3ter nothing
- Kostilus jevi āeksia yno bē pirtra jemot vestretis, iā daoruni jemot vestretis. — Your masters may have told you lies about me, or they may have told you nothing.
- daorys ['daɔ̯ɾys]
- indef.pron. 2sol. no one
- daorys ziry ōdrikilza. — no one will harm him.
- dāria ['daːɾi͡a]
- dārilaros [daːɾi'laɾos]
- n. 3sol. heir to the throne, crown prince, crown princess ( < the dār- root seen in the dārys family of words, plus the substantivized future participle ending -ilaros, as if from a verb *dāragon. However, no such verb exists in the classical language, and it is uncertain if there ever was one.)
- Ziry kivio dārilaros issa, se zȳhon suvio perzō vāedar issa. — He is the prince that was promised, and his is the song of ice and fire.
- dārion ['daːɾi͡on]
- n. 3ter. kingdom.
- Dāria Sikudo Dārȳti Vestero. — the Queen of the Seven Kingdoms of Westeros.
- dārōñe [daː'ɾoːɲe]
- dārys ['daːɾys]
- n. 2sol. king.
- Roberti Dāri zȳhi nekēpti se Āeksiot Ōño jemagon. — Turn King Robert away from his idols and toward the Lord of Light
- davābagon [da'vaːbagon]
- v. Loc. appl. C-fin. to rain. [27] (an -ābagon formation off a root *dav-, perh. primordially related to daomio, rain.)
- dēmagon ['deːmagon]
- dēmalion ['deːmali͡on]
- deks [deks]
- n. 3sol. foot
- dekuragon [deku'ɾagon]
- dekurūbagon [deku'ɾuːbagon]
- derēbagon [de'ɾeːbagon]
- perfect: derēptan
- v. C-fin. to gather. ( < *der- + -ēbagon. There is probably a verb *deragon which means something like to take. Cf. AV mazedhas derari he was taken.)
- Vala Aero syt rōbra derēbza. — The man collects figs for Aerys.
- dobotēdāves [doboteː'daːves]
- n. 4sol. ignorance[31] (speculatively from < do- + botagon + -ēda + -ves lit. the quality of not having been made to endure or suffer something.)
- Dobotēdāves. Nāgīdāves. Qrinuntenkāves. — Ignorance. Inequality. Antagonism[32]
- dohaeragon [do'haɛ̯ɾagon]
- perfect: dohaertan
- v. C-fin. to serve. Valar dohaeris All men must serve, the response to valar morghūlis
- Sȳrī avy ūjus dohaeragon. — May it serve you well.[33]
- Dohaeriakson raqan. — I like to be served.[34]
- dohaeriros [do'haɛ̯ɾiɾos]
- n. 3sol. slave (substantivized aorist participle of dohaeragon.)
- Dārys rybis sepār dohaeriros rybis — He hears the king as he hears the slave
- dohaertros [do'haɛ̯ɾtros]
- n. 3sol. one who was previously a slave (Past habitual active participle of dohaeragon.)
- Astaprot dohaertrossa sīr yno inkot iōrzi, dāeri. — Those who were slaves in Astapor now stand behind me, free.
- dīnagon ['diːnagon]
- v. to put something that naturally goes on, about or in something else in that thing e.g. a cap on a bottle, a sword in a scabbard, a helmet on a head, but not a sword on a table.[35]
- in pass., →com. to marry[4]
- Ao ynoma dīnilūks? — Will you marry me?
- dōna ['doːna]
- dōre ['doːɾe] -ior
- adj. II no
- Dōrior dārion udrirzi mijessis. — There’s no country without a language.
- dōrī ['doːɾī]
- indef.pron. adv. never
- Mirri ōdria uēpi dōrī drējī zgiēñisi... — Some old wounds never truly heal...
- dorolvie [do'ɾolvi͡e] -ior
- dōrenka [doː'ɾeŋka]
- dōrenky [doː'ɾeŋky]
- adj. I stoney one; Stone Man i.e. a person in the late stages of the Grey Plague. (Subst. of dōrenka.)
- He hears the Stone Men in their misery… — mundari dorenki rybis…
- dōron ['doːɾon]
- n. 3ter. stone
- dōros ['doːɾos]
- dorzalty [doɾ'zalty]
- n. 2lun. The Unburnt (Substantivized form of *dorzalta unburnt < do- + zalta.)
- Daenerys Targarien, Jelmāzmo, Dorzalty, Dāria Sikudo Dārȳti Vestero, Muña Zaldrīzoti. — Daenerys Targaryen, the Stormborn, the Unburnt, the Queen of the Seven Kingdoms of Westeros, the Mother of Dragons.
- dovaogēdy [dovaɔ̯'geːdy]
- n. 2lun. an Unsullied. Col. Dovaogēdyr the Unsullied as a group. (Substantivized form of *dovaogēda unsullied < do- + vaogēda, perf.part. of vaogemagon.)
- Dovaogēdys! Naejot memēbātās! — Unsullied! Forward march!
- drakarys [dra'kaɾys]
- n. 2sol. dragon-fire.
- drāñe ['draːɲe]
- adj. II wide
- drōmon ['droːmon]
- n. 3ter. egg
- dubys ['dubys]
- n. 2sol. sibling
- drēje ['dreːje]
- adj. II true, correct.
- Dārys issa vestris, se prūmio ñuho konir drējior issa. — They say he is a king and of my heart that is true.
- drējī ['dreːjī]
- adv. truly
- Mirri ōdria uēpi dōrī drējī zgiēñisi... — Some old wounds never truly heal...
- dȳñes ['dyːɲes]
E
- ēbrion ['eːbri͡on]
- ēdrugon ['eːdrugon]
- perfect: ēdrutan
- v. V-fin. "to sleep." Perf.Pert. ēdruta "having slept."
- Valar Ēdrussis — All Men Must Sleep
- eglie ['egli͡e] -ior
- adj. III high
- Voktys Eglie aōt gaomilaksir teptas. — The High Priest gave you a mission.
- egros ['egros]
- egry ['egry]
- eleks ['eleks]
- n. 3sol. ear
- elēnar [e'leːnar]
- elēni [e'leːni]
- n. 5lun. voice;[39] music[40] (cf. elēnar.)
- Āeksio Oño elēni jeve rybis. — The Lord of Light hears your voice.
- ēlie ['eːli͡e] -ior
- adj. III first; primary
- ēlī ['eːliː]
- adv. first
- Sparos ēlī morghūlilza? — Who will die first?[41]
- emagon [e'magon]
- perfect: ēdan
- v. C-fin. (irreg.) to have. 3s. pres. act. ind. ēza, 3pl. ēzi, imperfect emilen, emiles, etc.)
- embar ['embar]
- n. 1aq. sea. Col. embrar "the sea(s)", in a more figurative sense[42]
- Olvie hen embraro tolmiot nykēlot avy ivestragon issa. — So much news I have to give you from over the seas.
- embāzma [em'baːzma]
- n. 1lun. great sea perh. in some sort of metaphorical sense? Parmenko Embāzmā The Great Grass Sea of the Dothraki ( < embar + -āzma.)
- Hen Parmenko Embāzmā Khalēsi — Khaleesi of the Great Grass Sea
- embōñe [em'boːƞe] -or
- endia ['endi͡a]
- n. 1lun. west (cf. endie, western)[44]
- Lo vēzos endiā sīmonus se ñāqot mazilībus. — When the sun rises in the west and sets in the east.[45]
- endie ['endi͡e] -ior
- ēngītsos ['eːŋgiːtsos]
- ēngos ['eːŋgos]
- n. 3sol. tongue; language. Muño ēngos "mother tongue." Quptenkys Ēngos The Common Tongue.
- Valyrio muño ēngos ñuhys issa. — Valyrian is my mother tongue.
- Quptenkos Ēngoso ȳdrassis? — Do you speak the Common tongue?
- enkagon ['eŋkagon]
- v. C-fin. to owe +inst: the thing owed; +acc: the person to whom it is owed.
- Dāervose jevosy yne enkot daor. — You do not owe me your freedom.
- epagon [e'pagon]
- perfect: eptan
- v. C-fin. to ask somebody→dat. a question→acc.
- Ynot mirros epās! — Ask me something![47]
- of somebody→dat. a favor→acc.
- Skoros ynot epilū? — What would you ask of me?
- Obl. appl. iepagon (less correctly jepagon) "to ask for" something→acc., of someone→dat.
- Āeksiot zȳhon vaoreznon jepin, se ziksoso udlissis. — I ask the Lord for His favor, and He responds as He will.
- epses ['epses]
- 4sol. female goat, nanny goat
- ērinagon [eːri'nagon]
- v. C-fin. to win[4]
- Skorī dēmalȳti tymptir tymis, ērinis iā morghūlis. — When you play the game of thrones, you win or you die.
- ērinnon ['eːrinnon]
- ezīmagon [e'ziːmagon]
- v. C-fin. to split. with va +dat into...
- Vala egromy rōbir ezīmza. — The man splits the fig with a knife.
- Insv. hezīmagon.
G
- gadbagi ['gadbagi], gadbag ['gadbag]
- n. 6for.lun. slave name ( < AV gadbag < Ghiscari.)
- Gadbag aōhe qrīdrughās. — Throw away your slave name.
- gallie ['galli͡e] -ior
- gaomagon ['gaɔ̯magon]
- perfect: gōntan
- v. C-fin. to do; →dat. & inf. allow.
- Mentyri idañe jevi ivestrilātās keskydoso gaomagon. — You shall tell your fellow soldiers to do likewise.
- gaomilaksir [gaɔ̯mi'laksir]
- n. 5aq mission (substantivized fut.pass.part. of gaomagon, lit. that which is to be done.)
- Voktys Eglie aōt gaomilaksir teptas. — The High Priest gave you a mission.
- gaomon ['gaɔ̯mon]
- n. 3ter deed
- Se dāeri vali pōntalo syt gaomoti iderēbzi. — And free men make their own choices.
- gār [gaːr] indec.
- num. hundred.
- gēlenka [geː'leŋko] -ys, -on, -or
- gēlion ['geːli͡on]
- n. 3ter. silver.
- gēlior ['geːli͡or]
Gēlȳndi aōt tepagon jaelas, — He wants to give you money.[50]
- gelte ['gelte]
- gēlȳn ['geːlyːn]
- n. 6pauc.3ter. debt[4] (relex. pauc. of gēlion silver.)
- Lannister va moriot zyha gēlȳnī addemmis. — A Lannister always pays his debts.
- genes ['genes]
- n. 4sol. mouse, rat
- geptot ['geptot]
- adv. left
- geralbar [ge'ɾalbar]
- geron ['geɾon]
- n. 3ter. walk.
- Qilōnario Geron. — Walk of Punishment.
- geros ilas ['geɾos 'ilas]
- exp. good bye.[51]
- gerpa ['geɾpa]
- n. 1lun. fruit; more generally the edible part of a plant.
- gevie ['gevi͡e]
- gevives [ge'vives]
- gīda ['giːda]
- giēñagon ['gi͡eːɲagon]
- v. C-fin.' to heal (intransitive), to be healed (perh. giez + -ēñagon.)
- Insv. zgiēñagon to heal of wounds etc. as opposed to people.
- Mirri ōdria uēpi dōrī drējī zgiēñisi... — Some old wounds never truly heal...
- giēñilaros [gi͡eːɲi'laɾos]
- n. 3sol. One Who is Not Yet Healed, a term used in Astapor for Unsullied in training (substantivized future participle of giēñagon. AV ginilaro.)
- giez [gi͡ez] gier-
- adj. II whole
- gīmigon ['giːmigon]
- v. V-fin. to know
- Kesir gīmī. — You know this
- Daoruni gīmī, Ionos Sōnaro. — You know nothing, Jon Snow.
- Gīmissiks. — It is known.[55]
- glaesagon ['glaɛ̯sagon]
- v. C-fin. to live; used with adv. to describe state of well-being: Skorkydoso glaesā? How are you?, Syrī glaesan I'm good.[55]:
- glaeson ['glaɛ̯son]
- n. 3ter. life. Col. glaesor life (slightly more abstract)[2]
- Keso glaesot iderēptot daor. — You did not choose this life.
- gō [goː]
- postp.→gen. under, beneath, below; before
- adv. under, beneath, below; before
- Skoriot daorys gō istas nēdenkirī jagon. — To boldly go where no one has gone before.[56]
- gōvilagon [goːvi'lagon]
- v to lie below →acc. ( < gō- + u- + ilagon.)
- ...rūso zȳhosy gōvilirose zijo syt pyghas lue prūmie. — ... with his child beneath the heart that beats for him.
- grēges ['greːges]
- n. 4sol. louse.
- grevenka [greˈveŋka] -ys -on -or
- grevy [ˈgrevy]
- gryves ['gryves]
- n. 4sol. bear.
- Gryves se Riña Litse. — The Bear and the Maiden Fair.
- guēse ['gu͡eːse]
- n. 4lun. tree
- guēsin ['gu͡eːsin]
- gūrēñagon [guː'ɾeːɲagon]
- gūrogon ['guːɾogon]
- perfect: gūrotan
- v. V-fin. to take[4]; in the reflexive to earn, merit, deserve
- Ñuhor līr gūrēnna. — I will take what is mine.[4]
- gūrotrir ['guːɾotrir]
- n. 6col.5aq. that which one has earned, that which one deserves, one's due, just deserts (col. subst. perf. part. of gūrogon.)
- Se jevo qrinuntoti pōjor gūrotriri maghan. — And I bring your enemies what they deserve.
- Āegenkor Tistālior jāhor gūrotriri emilza. — The Iron Bank will have its due.[5]
H
- hae [haɛ̯]
- prep.→loc. as, like.
- Yne sytivīlībilāt? Hae dāero valoti? — Will you fight for me? As free men?
- hāedar ['haːɛ̯dar]
- n. 1aq. younger sister.
- Valar limassis, hāedus. Valar limassis. — All men must cry, little sister. All men must cry.
- hakogon ['hakogon]
- v. V-fin. to pull
- hāre ['haːɾe] -ior
- hārēpsa ['haːɾeːpsa] indec.
- num. thirty
- hārīblie [haː'ɾiːbli͡e]
- havon ['havon]
- havor [ˈhavoɾ]
- hēdrȳ ['heːdryː]
- postp.→gen. from amongst (prob. hen + rȳ, with nasal deletion.)
- Jenti jevi jemēle iderēbilātās, qogrondo jevo hēdrȳ. — You will select a leader, from amongst your own ranks.
- hegagon [he'gagon]
- v. C-fin. to slaughter.
- hembar ['hembar]
- hen [hen]
- prep.→loc. from, of; →dat. out of.
- Nyke Daenerys Jelmāzmo hen Targārio Lentrot, hen Valyrio Uēpo ānogār iksan. — I am Daenerys Stormborn of the House Targaryen, of the blood of Old Valyria.
- hēnka ['heːŋka]
- adj. I same
- Lodaor hēnkos vējose hae Astaprot Yunkai botilza. — Otherwise, Yunkai will suffer the same fate as Astapor.
- hēnkirī ['heːŋkiɾiː]
- adv. together ( < hēnka + -ī.)
- Yn aderī, mōrī, aōt māzīli se hēnkirī īlvi biarvī manaerili. — But soon, when it is all over, we shall come to you and celebrate together.
- 'adv. in kind
- Tolvi zijo syt vilībari morghūljosy li henkiri sigliliks. — All those who die fighting for her shall be reborn in kind.
- henujagon [henu'jagon]
- perfect: hembistan
- v. Loc. appl. irreg. to exit, to leave. ( < hen- + u- + jagon.)
- Henujagon jaelza lua vala mirre henujagon kostas. — Any man who wishes to leave may leave.
- hepnon ['hepnon]
- hepvos ['hepvos]
- n. 3sol. ladder.[59] (< unattested *hep- to climb + *-vos, presumably some sort of instrument-forming suffix.)
- Qrīdronnor hepvos issa. — Chaos is a ladder.
- hezīmagon [he'ziːmagon]
- v. Insv. C-fin. to split, used with instrumental subjects ( < a- + ezīmagon.)
- (Valo ondoso) rōbir egry hezīmza. — The knife (of the man) splits the fig.
- (Egromy) rōbir hezīmaks. — The fig is split (with a knife).
- hēzīr ['heːziːr]
- adv. henceforth, from now on ( < hen + sīr with nasal deletion.)
- Hēzīr, brōza jevi jemēle iderēbilātās. — From this day forward, you will choose your own names.
- hīghagon [ˈhiːɣagon]
- v. to scream[60]
- ... se avy ōdrikosy lī hīghari morghūlilzi. — ... and those who would harm you will die screaming.
- hīlagon [ˈhiːlagon]
- v. C-fin. to hit
- hontes ['hontes]
- n. 4sol. bird.
- hobres ['hobres]
- n. 4sol. male goat, billy goat.
- kastys hobresse — “blue goats”.
- hoskagon ['hoskagon]
- v. to make proud (perh. hōzigon + -kagon.)
- ... iderēbās. Avy hoskas lue brōzi. — Choose... A name that gives you pride.
- hōzigon ['hoːzigon]
- v. V-fin. to swell
- hubon ['hubon]
- 3ter. rope
- hunes ['hunes]
- n. 4sol. rabbit
- hūra ['huːɾa]
- hūrenka [huː'ɾeŋka] -ys -on -or
I
- iā ['i͡aː]
- conj. or
- iāragon ['i͡aːɾagon]
- v. C-fin. to flow
- īby ['iːby]
- 2lun. bone
- idaña [i'daɲa]
- idañe [i'daɲe] -or
- adj. II fellow (cf. idaña.)
- Mentyri idañe jevi ivestrilātās keskydoso gaomagon. — You shall tell your fellow soldiers to do likewise.
- iderēbagon [ide'ɾeːbagon]
- perfect: iderēptan
- v. Obl. appl. C-fin. to chose, select. +dat: the thing selected, +acc: the person for whom the thing is selected (this applies even in the passive) ( < i- + derēbagon.)
- Vala rōbrȳti Aeri iderēbza. — The man selects figs for Aerys.
- Aeri iderēbaks. — Aerys is selected for.
- Jaehot avy iderēbās jorepās. — Pick a god and pray.[62]
- iderennon [ide'ɾennon]
- n. 3ter choice ( < iderēb- + -non.)
- Lo jention mirre nūmāzme ēza, iderenna qopsa verdagon issa. — If leadership is about anything, it’s about making hard choices.
- *iderenne, -s, -n ?
- n. 4? trial[4]
- Vīlībāzmosa iderennī emilun. — I would like a trial by combat.
- iēdar ['i͡eːdar]
- n. 1aq. water
- col. iēdrar
- poetic for sea
- iemny ['i͡emny]
- n. 2lun. stomach
- Kesrio syt bantis zōbrie issa se ossȳngnoti lēdys. — For the night is dark and full of terrors[17]
- iemnȳ ['i͡emnyː]
- postp.→gen. within more emphatic than using the bare locative. (loc. of iemny stomach.)
- Jēdar yno toliot. Tegon yno gō. Perzys yno iemnȳ. — Sky above me. Earth below me. Fire within me.[63]
- ilagon [i'lagon]
- v. C-fin. to lie. original meaning to lay straight preserved in expression geros ilas good bye, literally something like may the path lie straight. (cf. ilie straight.)
- Sȳndror ilis luo tegunno Mordrot. — In the land of Mordor, where the shadows lie[64]
- ilie [ˈili͡e]
- īlinuragon [iːlinu'ɾagon]
- perfect: īlinurtan
- v. C-fin.? to crucify (Contains -uragon.)
- Dohaerirossa hen pōjo belmondo daerēdas se hen pōjo qringaomnoti Āeksia īlinurtas. — She has freed the slaves from their chains and crucified the Masters for their sins.
- ilīrigon [i'liːɾigon]
- v. Obl. appl. V-fin. to smile upon →acc. ( < *līrigon to smile)
- perfect: ilīritan
- Āeksio yne ilīritas. — The Lord has smiled upon me.
- īlon ['iːlon]
- pers.pron. we.
- īlōnda [iː'loːnda]
- īlva ['iːlva] -ys, -on, -or
- īlvon ['iːlvon]
- ilzigon ['ilzigon]
- perfect: ilzitan
- v. V-fin. to throw
- imāzigon [i'maːzigon]
- perfect: imāstan
- v. Obl. appl. V-fin. to attend an event. ( < i- + māzigon lit. to come for.)
- Valar imāzissis. — All men must attend.[65]
- imorghūljagon [imoɾ'ghuːʎagon]
- perfect: imorghūltan
- v. C-fin. to die for ( < i- + morghuljagon.)
- Aōhor jaqiarzir ivīlībin imorghūlīn, jaqiarzus Dārȳs. — I fight and die for your glory, O glorious Queen.[66]
- indigon ['indigon]
- v. V-fin. to push
- inkon ['iŋkon]
- n. 3ter. back
- inkot ['iŋkot] behind (the locative or dative case of inkon.)
- Astaprot dohaertrossa sīr yno inkot iōrzi, dāeri — Those who were slaves in Astapor now stand behind me, free.
- Ionos ['i͡onos]
- n. 3sol. Jonos, Jon a common name
- Daoruni gīmī, Ionos Sōnaro. — You know nothing, Jon Snow.
- iōragon ['i͡oːɾagon]
- v. C-fin. to be standing, to stand.
- perfect: iōrtan
- iōrves ['i͡oːɾves]
- n. 4sol. cold, coldness[67] ( < iosre + -ves.)
- Se iōrves yne dōrī jenitis. — The cold never bothered me.
- iosre ['i͡osre], ioje ['i͡oje],[68] -ior
- adj. II cold
- ipradagon [ipra'dagon]
- perfect: iprattan[69]
- v. C-fin. to eat (In origin the applicative of *pradagon, a verb of uncertain meaning, but in any case not reated to eating. It supplanted kisagon as the word for to eat. )[70]
- Valar Ipradis... Valar Ipradiks — All Men Must Eat... All Men Must Be Eaten.[71]
- irudy [i'ɾudy]
- n. 2lun. gift
- Va ñellyrty perzys zȳhyz zaldrīzesse issi, Āeksio Oño irudy. — Her dragons are fire made flesh, a gift from the Lord of Light.
- issaros ['issaɾos]
- ivestragon [i'vestragon]
- ivīlībagon [iviː'liːbagon]
- v. Obl. appl. C-fin. to fight for →acc. ( < i- + vīlībagon to fight.)
- Aōhor jaqiarzir ivīlībin imorghūlīn, jaqiarzus Dārȳs. — I fight and die for your glory, O glorious Queen.[66]
- izula [i'zula] -ys, -on, -on
- izulēpsa [i'zuleːpsa] indec.
- num. forty
- izulīblie [izu'liːbi͡e] -ior
- izunnie [i'zunni͡e] -ior
J
- jaedos ['jaɛ̯dos]
- jaelagon ['jaɛ̯lagon]
- v. C-fin. to want, to wish
- perfect: jeldan
- Henujagon jaelza lua vala mirre henujagon kostas. — Any man who wishes to leave may leave.
- jaes [jaɛ̯s] jaeh-
- n. 3sol god, goddess[73]
- Jaehossi Uēpossi Arlȳssī. — By the Old Gods and the New.
- Jaehossas sȳris sātās — Gods be good![65]
- jagon ['jagon]
- perfect: istan
- v. irreg. to go.
- Sesīr īlot jagon! — Now let us go![74]
- jāha ['jaːha] -ys, -on, -or
- jāhon ['jaːhon]
- jāla ['jaːla]
- jaos [jaɔ̯s] jaoh-
- jaqiarza [ja'qi͡aɾza]
- adj. I glorious (Aorist passive participle of unknown verb *jaqagon, perhaps from z- + raqagon.)
- Aōhor jaqiarzir ivīlībin imorghūlīn, jaqiarzus Dārȳs. — I fight and die for your glory, O glorious Queen.[66]
- jaqiarzir [ja'qi͡aɾzir]
- n. 5aq. glory (Type 2 substantive of jaqiarza.)
- Aōhor jaqiarzir ivīlībin imorghūlīn, jaqiarzus Dārȳs. — I fight and die for your glory, O glorious Queen.[66]
- jazdan [jazdan]
- jēda ['jeːdar]
- n. 1lun. season, time.
- jēdar ['jeːdar]
- n. 1aq. sky (cf. jēda time and jēdar year. Possibly originally a collective, like lentor.)
- col. jēdrar sky
- jēdar ['jeːdar]
- jehikagon [jehiˈkagon]
- perfect: jehittan
- v. C-fin. to shine. With acc. to shine on, illuminate.
- Āeksios, aōhos ōñoso īlōn jehikās. — Lord, cast your light upon us[17]
- jēlēbagon [jeːˈleːbagon]
- jelmāzma [jelˈmaːzma]
- n. 1lun. storm. Gen. Jelmāzmo Stormborn. ( < jelmio + -āzma.)
- Nyke Daenerys Jelmāzmo hen Targārio Lentrot. — I am Daenerys Stormborn of the House Targaryen.
- jelmio ['jelmi͡o]
- n. 3lun. wind. Coll. jelmior ['jelmi͡or] wind collectively,[76] weather.[72] (cf. jēlēbagon)
- Udra jelmior issi. — Words are wind.
- jelmōñe [jel'moːɳe] -or
- jelmor ['jelmor]
- jemagon [jeˈmagon]
- perfect: jentan
- v. to lead someone →acc., from something →acc(?), to something →dat?loc?; daoriot jemas it doesn't matter, lit. it leads nowhere. (possibly in origin i- + emagon, but this is uncertain, and in any case the verb conjugates regularly)
- Roberti Dāri zȳhi nekēpti se Āeksiot Ōño jemagon. — Turn King Robert away from his idols and toward the Lord of Light.
- jemēla [je'meːla]
- jeme ['jeme]
- pers.pron. you (plur.).
- jepagon see epagon.
- jenigon [je'nigon]
- jention ['jenti͡on]
- n. 3ter. leadership. ( < jemagon.)
- Lo jention mirre nūmāzme ēza, iderenna qopsa verdagon issa. — If leadership is about anything, it’s about making hard choices.
- jentys ['jentys]
- jēnqa ['jeːɴqa] -ys, -on, -on
- jēnqelie ['jeːɴqeli͡e] -ior
- jēnqēpsa [jeːɴ'qeːpsa] indec.
- num. eighty
- jēnqīblie [jeːɴ'qiːbli͡e] -ior
- jeson ['jeson]
- n. 3ter. dust
- jeva ['jeva] -ys, -on, -or
- jevon ['jevon]
- jikagon [ji'kagon]
- perfect: jittan
- v. to send (prob. jagon + -kagon.)
- Va oktio remȳti vale jikās. — Send a man to the city gates.
- jiōragon ['ji͡oːɾagon]
- v. Obl. appl. C-fin.? to receive (at least in the sense of receiving a guest) ( < i- + iōragon to stand)[78]
- Belmurtī ivestrās kesīr pōnte jiōrinna se pōjon obūljarion mazōrīnna. — Tell the slavers I will receive them here and accept their surrender.
- jogeltigon [jo'geltigon]
- v. C-fin. to silence (prob. contains jo-.)
- Elēni ñuhe jogeltigon sylutis, sepār jevon jogeltigon sylussi. Yn kostosy daor. — They tried to silence my voice, as they try to silence yours. But they cannot.
- johegagon [johe'gagon]
- v. C-fin. to continue to slaughter ( < jo- + *hegagon to slaughter.)
- Quptyssy pontālī johegzi se jomōzū. — The heathen continue to slaughter each other and you continue to get drunk
- jollōragon [jol'loːragon]
- v. C-fin. to study +dat.?[79] ( < jor- + lōragon to drill, to bore).[79]
- Issarori jollōris lua riña. — A girl who studies people.[80]
- jomōzugon [jo'moːzugon]
- v. V-fin. to continue to get drunk ( < jo- + mōzugon to drink.)
- Quptyssy pontālī johegzi se jomōzū. — The heathen continue to slaughter each other and you continue to get drunk
- jorepagon [joɾe'pagon]
- jorepnon [joɾe'pnon]
- n. 3ter. prayer ( < jorepagon + -non.)
- Jeva jorepna ryptas se pōnte udlitas. — He has heard your prayers and answered them.
- jorrāelagon [jor'raːɛ̯lagon]
- v. C-fin. to hold dear, to love; to need [81]( < jo- + rāelagon.)
- Muñus jorrāeliarzus: Olvie hen embraro tolmiot nykēlot avy ivestragon issa. — Dearest Mother: So much news I have to give you from over the seas.
- jurnegon ['juɾnegon]
K
- kaerīnio [kaɛ̯ɾiːni͡o]
- kasta ['kasta] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I blue, green
- kēli ['keːli]
- n. 5lun. cat, pauc. kēlin herd of cats[55]; qelbōñe kēli river otter; embōñe kēli sea otter.
- Kēlir morghūlis — All cats must die.[83]
- kēlio ['keːli͡o]
- kēlītsos [keː'liːtsos]
- keligon [ke'ligon]
- perfect: kelitan
- v. V-fin. to stop, to come to a stop. Generally used intransitively, except in the perfect passive participle: keliton ended.
- Dovaogēdys .... Kelītīs. — Unsullied .... Halt.
- Sesīr Urnēbion Zȳhon Keliton Issa. — And Now His Watch Is Ended.
- kempa ['kempa] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I heavy
- kepa ['kepa]
- kesa ['kesa] -ys, -on, -or
- dem.pron. adj. I this proximal, inanimate
- Kesys ondor avy sytilībus daor. — You should not have these powers.
- kesir ['kesir]
- dem.pron. 5aq. this one proximal, inanimate, for abstract or uncountable entitites, "this place."
- Kesir gīmī. — You know this
- kesrio syt because, for; on account of this.
- kesīr ['kesiːr]
- dem.pron. adv. here (loc. of kesir.)
- Belmurtī ivestrās kesīr pōnte jiōrinna. — Tell the slavers I will receive them here.
- kesy ['kesy]
- keskydoso [kesky'doso]
- adv. in the same way, likewise. ( < demonstrative kes- + -kydoso.)
- Mentyri idañe jevi ivestrilātās keskydoso gaomagon. — You shall tell your fellow soldiers to do likewise.
- kessa ['kessa]
- khal [xal],[86] khali ['xali]
- khalēsi [xaˈleːsi][87]
- n. 6for Khaleesi, Dothraki queen, wife of a khal ( < Doth. khaleesi.)
- Hen Parmenko Embāzmā Khalēsi — Khaleesi of the Great Grass Sea
- kiōs [ki͡oːs]
- kipagon [kipagon][88]
- v. to ride
- Sesīr kipi. — And now we ride.[89]
- kisagon [ki'sagon]
- v. obsolete word for to eat. Word persists in Cassical High Valyria, but with a different meaning, not yet known.
- kivio [ˈkivi͡o]
- n. 3lun. promise
- Jemot kivio ñuhe tepan — I give you my word.
- klios [kli͡os] klioh-
- n. 3sol fish
- kona ['kona] -ys, -on, -or
- konir ['konir]
- dem.pron. 5aq. that one distal, inanimate, for abstract or uncountable entities, that place.
- Dārys issa vestris, se prūmio ñuho konir drējior issa. — They say he is a king and of my heart that is true.
- Konir sagon kostos daor. — That's not possible.
- konor ['konor]
- konīr ['koniːr]
- kony ['kony]
- korze ['koɾze]
- korzion ['korzi͡on]
- kostagon ['kostagon]
- v. C-fin. to be able, can, may.
- Konir sagon kostos daor — That's not possible.
- Henujagon jaelza lua vala mirre henujagon kostas. — Any man who wishes to leave may leave.
- kostilus ['kostilus]
- adv. perhaps; exp. please. (3s. fut.act.subj. of kostagon, lit. be it possible.)
- Kostilus jevi āeksia yno bē pirtra jemot vestretis. — Your masters may have told you lies about me.
- kostōba [ko'stoːba]
- adj. I powerful, strong ( < kostagon)
- Mittys iksā. Āeksia tolī kostōbi issi. — You’re a fool. The masters are too strong.
- Kostōba Nēdenkā. — Strong and Brave.[92]
- kirimves [ki'ɾimves]
- n. 4sol. joy[93] ( < kirine + -ves.)
- Naenio jēdoti kirimvose glaesātās! — May you live happily for many years!
- kirimvose [ki'ɾimvose], kirimvos [ki'ɾimvos]
- exp. thank you. (Inst. of kirimves.)
- kirine [ki'ɾine] -ior
- adj. II happy
- Tubī hae kesīr sittāks, sesīr kirine iksan. — You were born on a day like this one, and so I am happy.
- kris [kris] krih-
- n. 3sol. leg
- krubo ['krubo]
- n. 3lun. dwarf
- kustikagon [kusti'kagon]
- perfect: kustittan
- to strengthen, enable, encourage ( < kostagon + -ikagon.)
- Ābre kustittas lua vala raqiros issa. — The man who encouraged the woman is a friend.
- kydȳbagon [ky'dyːbagon]
- perfect: kydȳptan
- v. C-fin. to measure (prob. contains -bagon.)
- Kydȳptakson sȳz kesos. — It would be good to have been measured.[34]
- kyndrir ['kyndrir]
- n. 6col. intestines
- kȳvanon ['kyːvanon]
L
- laes [laɛ̯s] laeh-
- n. 3sol. eye.
- laehurlion [laɛ̯'huɾli͡on]
- laehurloqitta [laɛ̯huɾlo'qitta]
- adj. I faceless [94] ( < laehurlion face + -oqitta.)
- Laehurloqitti Vali The Faceless Men.
- lanta ['lanta] -ys, -on, -on
- laodigon ['laɔ̯digon]
- v. V-fin. to steal[91]
- lāra ['laːɾa]
- leghagon [le'ɣagon]
- perfect: lēdan
- v. C-fin. to fill. →acc. the thing being filled, →gen. the substance with which it is filled, →inst. the instrument by which it is filled.
- lēda ['leːda] -ys, -on, -or
- lēkia ['leːki͡a]
- lenton ['lenton]
- n. 3ter. house as in a physical building in which one lives.
- lentor ['lentor]
- n. 3aq. house in the sense of family, noble line, dynasty. (originally a relexified collective of lenton, which was then reanalyzed into a 3aq. noun.)
- Nyke Daenerys Jelmāzmo hen Targārio Lentrot. — I am Daenerys Stormborn of the House Targaryen.
- lentor ['lentor]
- lentun ['lentun]
- letagon [le'tagon]
- lilagon [li'lagon]
- limagon [li'magon]
- perfect: limatan[98]
- v. V-fin. to cry
- Valar limassis, hāedus. Valar limassis. — All men must cry, little sister. All men must cry.[99]
- lioragon [li͡o'ɾagon]
- perfect: liortan
- v. C-fin. to sell
- liorilaksa [li͡oɾi'laksa] -ys, -on, -or
- līr [liːr]
- rel.pron. that which (is) for abstract or uncountable entitites (subst. of lua.)
- Valo lurio vaoresan. — I prefer that which is a man‘s.
- līrinon ['liːɾinon]
- 3ter? smile ( < *līrigon to smile + -non.)
- Prūmiā līrinoso rēbās! — Walk with a smile in your heart!
- litse ['litse]
- adj. II fair, beautiful.
- Gryves se Riña Litse. — The Bear and the Maiden Fair.
- lo [lo]
- conj. if (perh. related to lua?)
- Lo jention mirre nūmāzme ēza, iderenna qopsa verdagon issa. — If leadership is about anything, it’s about making hard choices.
- lodaor [lodaɔ̯r]
- conj. otherwise.
- Lodaor hēnkos vējose hae Astaprot Yunkai botilza. — Otherwise, Yunkai will suffer the same fate as Astapor.
- lōgor ['loːgor]
- loktys ['loktys]
- lopor ['lopor]
- n. 3aq.3? salt
- lōragon ['loːragon]
- *lōtinty [loː'tinty]
- lōz [loːz]
- adj. II wet
- lua [lu͡a]
- rel.pron. adj.[100] who, which, that; agrees with head noun's gender, case & number(?) in main clause.
- lurugon [lu'ɾugon]
- v. V-fin. to fold
- lȳ [lyː]
- rel.pron. one which (is) for concrete, countable entities (subst. of lua.)
- Valo luo vaoresan. — I prefer one which is a man‘s.
- lyka ['lyka]
- lykemagon [lyke'magon]
- perfect: lykēdan
- v. C-fin. (irreg.) to silence (< lyka + emagon)
- Aōle lykemās. — Be quiet.
- Lys [lys] lyh-
- n. 3sol. Lys
M
- maghagon [ma'ɣagon]
- v. C-fin. to bring
- Udrāzmī jemot maghon daor. Iderennon maghan. — I do not bring you commands. I bring you a choice.
- manaeragon [ma'naɛ̯ɾagon]
- v. C-fin. to raise, →acc: to celebrate[101], biarvī manaeragon to celebrate (good fortune)[101].
- Yn aderī, mōrī, aōt māzīli se hēnkirī īlvi biarvī manaerili. — But soon, when it is all over, we shall come to you and celebrate together.
- mandia ['mandia]
- massa ['massa]
- massigon ['massigon]
- v. V-fin. to happen (perh. maz- + sigon, aorist of sagon.)
- "Skorion massitas?" "Qringōntan." — "What happened?" "I failed."
- mazemagon [maze'magon]
- v. C-fin. (irreg.). to take. ( lit. come to have, < maz- + emagon)
- mazilībagon [mazi'lībagon]
- v. C-fin. to set (of the sun)[104] (lit. something like come to lie (< maz- + ilībagon, also seen in sytilībagon to belong, < ilagon to lie (down) + -ībagon.)
- Lo vēzos endiā sīmonus se ñāqot mazilībus. — When the sun rises in the west and sets in the east.[45]
- māzigon ['maːzigon]
- perfect: māstan
- v. V-fin. to come.
- mazōregon [maz'oːɾegon]
- v. V-fin. to accept ( lit. come to hold < maz- + ōregon.)[78]
- Belmurtī ivestrās kesĪr pōnte jiōrinna se pōjon obūljarion mazōrīnna. — Tell the slavers I will receive them here and accept their surrender.
- mazverdagon [maz'veɾdagon]
- perfect: mazvēttan
- v. C-fin. to create (lit. come to arrange, < maz- + verdagon.)
- Valar mazvēttas luos belmossi zirȳle tolvȳs gaomoso iderennosō letis — All men bind themselves with chains that they have created, through every deed and decision.[105]
- Īlōn pryjassis līr īlōn mazverdis. — What destroys us, creates us.[106]
- mele ['mele]-ior
- adj. II red
- memēbagon [me'meːbagon]
- v. C-fin. to advance. (-ēbagon formation off of unknown verb *memagon.)
- Dovaogēdys! Naejot memēbātās! — Unsullied! Forward march!
- mentyn ['mentyn]
- mentys ['mentys]
- n. 2sol soldier,
- Dovaogēdys! Āeksia ossēnātās, menti ossēnātās! — Unsullied! Slay the masters, slay the soldiers!
- col. mentyr
- Mentyri idañe jevi ivestrilātās keskydoso gaomagon. — You shall tell your fellow soldiers to do likewise.
- mentyr ['mentyr]
- Merakses[107] [me'ɾakses]
- n. 4sol. Meraxes, one of the dragons used in Aegon's invasion of Westeros.
- merbugon ['merbugon]
- mēre ['meːɾe] -ior
- mērī ['meːɾiː]
- adv. only, alone
- Dāerves jevys tepagon yne sytilībos daor. Jemēle mērī sytilības. — Your freedom is not mine to give. It belongs to you and you alone.
- mhysa ['mysa]
- n. 1lun., or n. 6for.[108] the Ghiscari word for mother, widely used in Slaver's Bay. One of Daenerys Targarien's titles. ( < AV mysa < Ghiscari mhysa.)
- mība ['miːba] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I short
- Mirri ōdria uēpi dōrī drējī zgiēñisi, sepār hen mībājȳr udīr ānogrosa anehussi. — Some old wounds never truly heal, and bleed again at the slightest word.
- mijegon [mi'jegon]
- v. V-fin. to lack. →inst.
- Dōrior dārion udrirzi mijessis. — There’s no country without a language.
- mirre ['mirre] -ior
- adj. II any This word has many uses, corresponding almost exactly to those of the English equivalent any; some.
- In the sense of all:
- Henujagon jaelza lua vala mirre henujagon kostas. — Any man who wishes to leave may leave.
- in the sense of whatever:
- Muñar aōt teptas lue brōzi, iā mirre tolie iderēbās. — Choose the name your parents gave you, or any other.
- as opposed to none:
- Lo jention mirre nūmāzme ēza, iderenna qopsa verdagon issa. — If leadership is about anything, it’s about making hard choices.
- with a negative:
- Jomōzussis lua vala mirros ēngoso ȳdrassigon kostilos daor. — A man who keeps getting drunk will not be able to speak any language[109]
- In the sense of some:
- Mirri ōdria uēpi dōrī drējī zgiēñisi... — Some old wounds never truly heal...
- mirrī ['mirriː]
- mirros ['mirros]
- indef.pron.something,[110] anything? (substantive of mirre.)
- Ynot mirros epās! — Ask me something![47]
- mīsagon ['miːsagon]
- v. to defend, to protect. →acc. of the thing protected [111]
- mīsio ['miːsio]
- mittys ['mittys]
- n. 2sol. fool
- Mittys iksā. Āeksia tolī kostōbi issi. — You’re a fool. The masters are too strong.
- molry ['molry]
- n. 2lun. horn
- morghe ['moɾɣe]
- morghon ['moɾɣon]
- n. 3ter. death
- Morghot nēdyssy sesīr zūgusy azantys vestras. — The knight says that even the brave men fear death.
- morghūlilare [moɾɣuːli'lare] -ior
- adj. II mortal[114] (future participle of morghūljagon.)
- morghūljagon [moɾ'ɣuːʎagon]
- perfect: morghūltan
- v. C-fin. to die. Valar morghūlis All men must die, a common greeting.
- mōris ['moːɾis]
- n. 5sol. end, conclusion; loc. or adv. mōrī at the end, finally; va moriot always[4] lit. to the end.
- mōzugon ['moːzugon]
- v. V-fin. to drink
- muña ['muɲa]
- n. 1lun. mother. Muño ēngos mother tongue.
- Muña Zaldrīzoti. — the Mother of Dragons.
- Coll. muñar "parents."
- Muñar aōt teptas lue brōzi, iā mirre tolie iderēbās. — Choose the name your parents gave you, or any other.
- mundagon ['mundagon]
- v. to be miserable
- He hears the Stone Men in their misery… — mundari dorenki rybis…
- munnon ['munnon]
- Mȳr [myːr]
- prop. n. 3aq. Myr
- myrdys [myrdys]
- n. 2sol. or 2lun. deer[54]
- Sȳndroso lykāpa, myrdomy aderpa, iēdrosa gīdāpa. Zūger korzose trūmȳtrī nektossis. — Quiet as a shadow, swift as a deer, calm as still water. Fear cuts deeper than swords.
N
- nābēmagon [naː'beːmagon]
- v. to unfasten, to unleash; to fire a siege engine ( < nā- + *bēmagon, presumably meaning to fasten, restrain.)
- nādīnagon [naː'diːnagon]
- naejon ['naɛ̯jon]
- n. 3ter. front
- naejot ['naɛ̯jot]
- postp.→gen. in front of; adv. forward. (the locative or dative case of naejon.)
- Dovaogēdys! Naejot memēbātās! — Unsullied! Forward march!
- naejos ['naɛ̯jos]
- naena ['naɛ̯na] -ys, -on, -or
- naenie ['naɛ̯ni͡e] -ior
- nāgīdāves [naːgiː'daːves]
- n. 4sol. Inequality[31]
- Dobotēdāves. Nāgīdāves. Qrinuntenkāves. — Ignorance. Inequality. Antagonism.[32]
- nākostōbāves [na:kosto:'ba:ves]
- nāmorghūlilare [naːmoɾɣuːli'lare] -ior
- adj. II immortal[114] ( < nā- + morghūljagon.)
- nāmorghūlilaros [naːmoɾɣuːli'laros]
- n. 3sol. immortal[114] (nominalized form of nāmorghūlilare.)
- nāpāsiros [naː'paːsiros]
- n. 3sol. unbeliever ( < nā- + pāsiros subst. aor. part. of pāsagon.)
- Pyryrzy napasirossa vokemilzi, va daorunta ñelli qringaomnā pōjo zālari. — They will purify nonbelievers by the thousands, burning their sins and flesh away.
- nāpāstys [naː'paːstys]
- n. 2sol. unbeliever [50] ( < nā- + pāsagon + -tys)
- Belma se pōnte setessis lȳri nāpāstyri ozzālilāt? — Will you burn away the chains and the nonbelievers who make them?
- ñāqa ['ɲaːqa]
- adj. I eastern. [116] [117]
- Lo vēzos endiā sīmonus se ñāqot mazilībus. — When the sun rises in the west and sets in the east.[45]
- nāvar ['naːvar]
- n. 1aq. lake
- nēdenka [neː'deŋka]
- nēdenkirī [neː'deŋkiɾiː]
- nēdys ['neːdys]
- n. 2sol brave person (substantivized form of *nēda brave.)
- Morghot nēdyssy sesīr zūgusy azantys vestras. — The knight says that even the brave men fear death.
- nehugon [ne'hugon]
- v. V-fin. to leak → inst. of the substance leaked, e.g. ānogrosa nehugon to bleed
- Insv. anehugon to leak with impersonal subjects.
- Mirri ōdria uēpi dōrī drējī zgiēñisi, sepār hen mībājȳr udīr ānogrosa anehussi. — Some old wounds never truly heal, and bleed again at the slightest word.
- nekēpty [ne'keːpty]
- n. 2lun. idol (likely a substantivied perfect participle from unattested *nekēbagon, possibly meaning to carve, compare nektogon to cut, and the English expression graven image.)
- Roberti Dāri zȳhi nekēpti se Āeksiot Ōño jemagon. — Turn King Robert away from his idols and toward the Lord of Light.
- nektogon ['nektogon]
- v. V-fin. to cut.
- *ñelly, -s
- n. 2? skin, flesh as a specific entity?
- Pyryrzy napasirossa vokemilzi, va daorunta ñelli qringaomnā pōjo zālari. — They will purify nonbelievers by the thousands, burning their sins and flesh away.
- ñellyr ['ɲellyr]
- n. 6col.2?. skin, flesh as a general substance?
- va ñellyrty perzys fire made flesh
- Va ñellyrty perzys zȳhyz zaldrīzesse issi, Āeksio Oño irudy. — Her dragons are fire made flesh, a gift from the Lord of Light.
- ñepegon ['ɲepegon]
- v. V-fin. to sew
- ñōghe ['ɲoːɣe]
- n. 4lun arm
- Nykēlo syt ūndon daor luo valzȳro ñōghossi ōressiks. — I find myself held by the arms of a husband I never expected to have.
- ñōghoqitta [ɲoːɣo'qitta]
- ñombes ['ɲombes]
- ñuha ['ɲuha] -ys, -on, -or
- nopāzma [no'paːzma]
- ñuhon ['ɲuhon]
- ñuhoso [ɲu'hoso]
- adv. in my way, as I wish (ins. of ñuha.)
- Aōhoso ziry rijībiā, se ñuhoso ziry rijībin. — You worship Him your way, and I'll worship Him mine.
- nūmāzma [nuː'maːzma]
- n. 1lun. meaning, essence, the truth of it (probably nūmo + -āzma.)
- Lo jention mirre nūmāzme ēza, iderenna qopsa verdagon issa. — If leadership is about anything, it’s about making hard choices.
- Aōle rūda, nūmāzma issa. — You quit, you mean.
- nūmio ['nuːmi͡o]
- nūmo ['nuːmo]
- ñuqir ['ɲuqir]
- nuspes ['nuspes]
- 4sol. cow, female head of cattlle
- nyke ['nyke]
- pers.pron. I.
- nykēla [ny'keːla]
O
- obar ['obar]
- n. 1aq. curve
- obūljagon [o'buːʎagon]
- v. C-fin. to bend [120]
- reflexive to bend the knee ( < *ob- seen in obar curve + -ūljagon.)
- Se morghon jāle obulilza. — And death itself will bend the knee.
- obūljarion [o'buːʎaɾi͡on]
- n. 3ter. surrender (< obūljagon)
- Belmurtī ivestrās kesīr pōnte jiōrinna se pōjon obūljarion mazōrīnna. — Tell the slavers I will receive them here and accept their surrender.
- ōdres ['oːdres]
- ōdrikagon [oː'drikagon]
- ōdrio ['oːdri͡o]
- n. 3lun. wound (from the same root as ōdres, but "different ... because it’s a specific pain, not a general sensation."[122])
- Mirri ōdria uēpi dōrī drējī zgiēñisi... — Some old wounds never truly heal...
- ōghar ['oːɣar]
- ohīlagon [oˈhiːlagon]
- oiro [o'iro]
- n. 3lun. fat
- ojughagon [oju'ɣagon]
- oktion ['okti͡on]
- n. 3ter city
- Va oktio remȳti vale jikās. — Send a man to the city gates.
- olvie ['olvi͡e] olvior
- adj. III much, many
- Olvī voktī Rulloro Qelbriā ūndessun daor. — I don’t see many priestesses of R’hllor in the Riverlands.
- Olvie hen embraro tolmiot nykēlot avy ivestragon issa. — So much news I have to give you from over the seas.
- ondor ['ondor]
- n. 6col.3sol. powers (relex. col. of ondos.)
- Kesys ondor avy sytilībus daor. — You should not have these powers.
- ondos ['ondos]
- ondoso ['ondoso]
- postp.→gen. by, at the hand of, used with passive verbs to mark the agent. (Inst. of ondos.)
- Valo ondoso Aerys iderēbaks. — Aerys is selected for by the man.
- onduragon [ondu'ragon]
- v. C-fin. to take up [50] (< ondos + -uragon)
- Iā jemēla zȳhys perzī ondurilāt? — Or will you take up her flames yourselves?
- ōños ['oːɲos]
- n. 3sol. light
- Roberti Dāri zȳhi nekēpti se Āeksiot Ōño jemagon. — Turn King Robert away from his idols and toward the Lord of Light.
- ōrbar ['oːɾbar]
- ōregon ['oːɾegon]
- v. V-fin. to hold
- Nykēlo syt ūndon daor luo valzȳro ñōghossi ōressiks. — I find myself held by the arms of a husband I never expected to have.
- ospȳnagon [os'spyːnagon]
- ossēnagon [os'seːnagon]
- v. C-fin. to kill, to slay. ( < oz- + sēnagon.)
- Dovaogēdys! Āeksia ossēnātās, menti ossēnātās! — Unsullied! Slay the masters, slay the soldiers!
- ossȳngagon[124] [os'syːŋgagon]
- v. to terrify, terrorize (Etymology unknown but does not contain oz-[125], and is not primordially related to zūgagon[126].)
- ossȳngnon [os'syːŋgnon][17]
- n. 3ter. terror ( < ossȳngagon + -non.)
- Kesrio syt bantis zōbrie issa se ossȳngnoti lēdys. — For the night is dark and full of terrors
- otāpagon [o'taːpagon]
- v. to think
- Skoros otāpā? — What do you think?
- ōtor ['oːtor]
- ovoño [o'voɲo]
- ozbāragon [o'zbaːɾagon]
- perfect: ozbārtan
- v. C-fin.? to brand (contains oz-.)
- Hae jeme istin. Sindity se liorty, qilonty se ozbārty, qrillaetty se vaogēdy. — I was once as you are now. Bought and sold, scourged and branded, raped and defiled.
P
- paez [paɛ̯z]
- paghagon [pa'ɣagon]
- v. C-fin. breathe
- paktot ['paktot]
- adv. to the right; to the side, beside
- Jevys qrinuntys jemo paktot issa — Your enemy is beside you.
- pamagon [pa'magon]
- v. C-fin. to rub
- pār [paːr]
- pron. then, at that time
- parklon ['paɾklon]
- n. 3ter. meat
- parmon ['paɾmon]
- n. 3ter. grass
- pālegon ['paːlegon]
- v. V-fin. to turn, to twist, to rotate
- pāletilla [paːle'tilla]
- pāsagon ['paːsagon]
- perfect: pāstan
- v. C-fin. to trust esp. in perf., believe esp. in imperf.[130]
- Kepa zȳhe tale pāsiles. — The father believed his daughter.
- pelar ['pelar]
- pelōñe [pe'loːɲe]
- pēko ['peːko]
- peldio ['peldi͡o]
- n. 3lun. snake, viper (possibly from a verb root *pel- meaning something like to wiggle, undulate, wave? Cf. pelar.)
- Peldiō sȳndor. — The viper's shadow.[132]
- pendagon ['pendagon]
- v. V-fin. to wonder.
- perzys ['peɾzys]
- n. 2sol. fire, flame;[133] zīrtys perzys[134] frozen fire, dragonglass, obsidian.
- Perzys Ānogār. — Fire and Blood.
- col. perzyr fire as a substance.
- pikībagon [pi'kiːbagon]
- pirta ['piɾta]
- adj. III false (etymology unknown. Possibly derived from an obsolete verb *piragon to lie, but no such verb exists in the Classical language.)
- pirtir ['piɾtir]
- n. 5aq. falsehood, lie (subs. of pirta.)
- Kostilus jevi āeksia yno bē pirtra jemot vestretis. — Your masters may have told you lies about me.
- pilogon [pi'logon]
- v. V-fin. to hold.
- Qilōni pilos lue vale tolvie ossēnātās — Slay every man who holds a whip!
- pogry ['pogry]
- n. 2lun. nail
- pōnta ['poːnta]
- pers.pron. they.
- pōntāla [poːn'taːla]
- pers.pron. themselves
- pōja ['poːja] -ys, -on, -or
- pōjon ['poːjon]
- pron. theirs
- pragrion ['pragri͡on]
- n. 3ter bark
- prūbres ['pruːbres]
- prūmia ['pruːmi͡a]
- n. 1lun. heart.
- Dārys issa vestris, se prūmio ñuho konir drējior issa. — They say he is a king and of my heart that is true.
- Ñuho prūmiā iksā. — You are in my heart.[136]
- pryjagon [pry'jagon]
- perfect: pryjatan
- v. V-fin. to destroy;[137] strike off. Perf.pass.part. pryjata "destroyed."
- Urnet luo buzdaro tolvio belma pryjātās! — Strike the chains off every slave you see!
- pryjatys [pry'jatys]
- puatta [ˈpu͡atta] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I rotten (possibly a perfect participle)
- pungilla [puŋ'gilla]
- pungos ['puŋgos]
- n. 3sol. nose
- puñila [pu'ɲila]
- adj. I worn, weather beaten; of language proficiency rusty
- purtagon ['purtagon]
- v. C-fin. to scratch
- pyghagon [py'ɣagon]
- v. C-fin. to jump; to beat (of the heart)
- perfect: pȳdan
- ...rūso zȳhosy gōvilirose zijo syt pyghas lue prūmie. — ... with his child beneath the heart that beats for him.
- pykagon [py'kagon]
- v. C-fin. to spit
- pyrys ['pyɾys]
- num. 2sol. thousand[138]
- col.ins. pyryrzy by the thousands
- Pyryrzy napasirossa vokemilzi, va daorunta ñelli qringaomnā pōjo zālari. — They will purify nonbelievers by the thousands, burning their sins and flesh away.
Q
- qablos ['qablos]
- qana [ˈqana] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I sharp
- qanemagon [qane'magon]
- v. C-fin. (irreg.) to sharpen. ( < qane + -emagon.)
- perfect: qanēdan
- qelbar ['qelbar]
- n. 1aq. river.
- Qelbria ['qelbri͡a]
- n. 1lun. the Riverlands.
- Olvī voktī Rulloro Qelbriā ūndessun daor. — I don’t see many priestesses of R’hllor in the Riverlands.
- qelbōñe [qel'boːɲe]
- qeldlie ['qeldlq] -ior
- qēlos ['qeːlos]
- qilōnagon [qi'loːnagon]
- perfect: qilontan
- v. C-fin.? to scourge[141] (cf. qilōny whip.)
- Hae jeme istin. Sindity se liorty, qilonty se ozbārty, qrillaetty se vaogēdy. — I was once as you are now. Bought and sold, scourged and branded, raped and defiled.
- qilōnarion [qi'loːnaɾi͡on]
- n. 3ter punishment (substantivized participle from qilōnagon to scourge.)
- Qilōnario Geron. — Walk of Punishment.
- qilōny [qi'loːny]
- n. 2lun. whip
- Qilōni pilos lue vale tolvie ossēnātās. — Slay every man who holds a whip.
- qogron ['qogron]
- qogror ['qogror]
- n. 6col.3ter. ranks; class, type, gender (relexicalized collective of qogron).
- Jenti jevi jemēle iderēbilātās, qogrondo jevo hēdrȳ — You will select your own leader, from amongst your own ranks.
- vēzenkon qogror. — “solar class”.[61]
- qopsa ['qopsa] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I hard, difficult
- Lo jention mirre nūmāzme ēza, iderenna qopsa verdagon issa. — If leadership is about anything, it’s about making hard choices.
- qrīdronnor [qriː'dronnor]
- n. 6col.3ter. Chaos.[59] (< qrin- + rholagon + -non, lit. (pejorative) mixture.)[142]
- Qrīdronnor hepvos issa. — Chaos is a ladder.
- qrīdrughagon [qriːdru'ɣagon]
- v. C-fin. to throw away. ( < qrin- + rughagon, with the same n-deletion rule[143] seen in bianor→biādra.)
- qrillaetagon [qril'laɛ̯tagon]
- v. C-fin.? to rape (contains qrin-.)
- Hae jeme istin. Sindity se liorty, qilonty se ozbārty, qrillaetty se vaogēdy. — I was once as you are now. Bought and sold, scourged and branded, raped and defiled.
- qrimbrōzagon [ˈqrimbroːzagon]
- qrimbughegon [qrimbuˈɣegon]
- qringaomagon [qriŋ'gaɔ̯magon]
- v. C-fin. to fail, to err, to sin. ( < qrin- + gaomagon.)
- perfect: qringōntan
- "Skorion massitas?" "Qringōntan." — "What happened?" "I failed."
- Valar Qringaomis. — All men must fail.[144]
- qringaomio [qriŋ'gaɔ̯mi͡o]
- n. 3lun. evildoer ( < qringaomagon + -io.)[145]
- qringaomnon [qriŋ'gaɔ̯mnon]
- n. 3ter. sin ( < qringaomagon + -non.)
- Pyryrzy napasirossa vokemilzi, va daorunta ñelli qringaomnā pōjo zālari. — They will purify nonbelievers by the thousands, burning their sins and flesh away.
- hen pōjo qringaomnoti for their sins
- Dohaerirossa hen pōjo belmondo daerēdas se hen pōjo qringaomnoti Āeksia īlinurtas. — She has freed the slaves from their chains and crucified the Masters for their sins.
- qrinuntenka [qrinun'teŋka]
- qrinuntenkāves [qrinunteŋ'kaːves]
- n. 4sol. antagonism.[31]
- Dobotēdāves. Nāgīdāves. Qrinuntenkāves. — Ignorance. Inequality. Antagonism.[32]
- qrinuntys [qri'nuntys]
- n. 2sol. enemy
- Jevys qrinuntys jemo paktot issa — Your enemy is beside you.
- qryldes ['qryldes]
- 4sol. male pig
- quba [ˈquba] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I bad
- qumblie ['qumbli͡e]
- adj. III thick
- qupēgrie [qup'eːgri͡e]
- adj. III terrible ( < possibly the same root as in quba + -ēgrie.)
- Zȳha Valyria qupēgrie issa. — His Valyrian is terrible[50]
- quptenka [qup'teŋka] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I pagan; Quptenkys Ēngos The Common Tongue; ( < quptys.)
- Quptenkos Ēngoso ȳdrassis? — Do you speak the Common tongue?
- quptys ['quptys]
- n. 2sol. heathen
- Quptyssy pontālī johegzi se jomōzū. — The heathen continue to slaughter each other and you continue to get drunk
- qurdon [ˈquɾdon]
- n. 3ter. table
- qūvy [ˈquːvy]
- n. 2lun. tear
R
- raedes ['raɛ̯des]
- 4sol. scorpion
- rāenābagon [raːɛ̯'naːbagon]
- rāenagon ['raːɛ̯nagon]
- v. C-fin. to wipe
- rāenion ['raːɛ̯ni͡on]
- 3ter shore (probably connected to rāenagon and rāenābagon, with the idea of the land that the sea washes.)
- rȳ [ryː]
- post.→gen. between, through, across, throughout.
- Jevo glaesoti rȳ buzdari istiat. — You have been slaves all your life.
- rāelagon ['raːɛ̯lagon]
- v. C-fin. to hold
- Ȳghāpī īlōn rāelza. — He holds us safe.
- rāpa ['raːpa]
- adj. I soft
- rāpūljagon [raː'puːʎagon]
- raqagon [ra'qagon]
- perfect: rattan[147]
- v. C-fin.? to like, to love "lighter" than jorrāelagon,[148] to enjoy
- Dohaeriakson raqan. — I like to be served.[34]
- Avy jorrāelan. Avy raqan. — I love you. I love you.
- New Yorkī sōnari raqō daor? — Are you enjoying winter in New York?[149]
- raqiros [ra'qiros]
- n. 3sol. friend (relex. aor. part. of raqagon).
- Zūgagon daor, ñuhys raqiros. — Don’t be afraid, my friend.
- raqiarzy [ra'qi͡aɾzy]
- raqnon ['raqnon]
- rēbagon [reː'bagon]
- v. to walk, to pass. [151]
- Prūmiā līrinoso rēbās! — Walk with a smile in your heart!
- Ynot rēbagon. — Let me pass.
- relgos ['relgos]
- n. 3sol. mouth
- remio ['remi͡o]
- n. 3lun. gate
- Va oktio remȳti vale jikās. — Send a man to the city gates.
- renigon [re'nigon]
- v. V-fin. to touch with the hand.
- Rhaegal ['r̥aɛ̯gal]
- rhaenagon ['r̥aenagon]
- perfect: rhēdan
- v. C-fin. to meet; in certain contexts to begin.
- Sūbroma tubis rhaenin. — I begin my day with tea.[153]
- rhēdegon ['r̥eːdegon]
- v. V-fin. to know a person, to be acquainted with (the eventative form of rhaenagon, to meet.)
- Ābra kepe rhēdes lua vala raqiros issa. — The man whose father the woman knows is a friend.
- rhinka ['r̥iŋka]
- rholagon [r̥o'lagon]
- rhovagon [r̥o'vagon]
- v. C-fin. to bark (perh. onomatopoeic)
- Jaohossa rhovis. Jaohossa rhovisi — The dogs are barking. Dogs bark.[55]
- *rhūqes
- rijagon [ri'jagon]
- perfect: riddan
- v. C-fin. to praise. (cf. rijes.)
- Dārys azanti rijas. — The king praises the soldier.[155]
- rijes [ri'jes]
- n. 4sol. praise. (cf. rijagon.)
- rijes aōt praise to you, poss. an expression for congratulations![156]
- Rijes aōt, Papayus! — Praise to you, Papaya![26]
- rijībagon [ri'jiːbagon]
- v. C-fin. to worship ( < rijagon + -ībagon.)
- Aōhoso ziry rijībiā, se ñuhoso ziry rijībin. — You worship Him your way, and I'll worship Him mine.
- rijnor ['rijnor]
- n. 6col.3ter. praise ( col. of *rijnon < rijagon + -non.)
- Rijnondi praise (to you) poss. an expression for congratulations[157]
- Rijnondi, Donis! — Praise (to you), Don!
- riña ['riɲa]
- n. 1lun. girl, maiden; child
- Gryves se Riña Litse. — The Bear and the Maiden Fair.
- qilōni pilos lue vale tolvie ossēnātās, yn riñe dōre ōdrikātās. — slay every man who holds a whip, but harm no child.
- coll. riñar children.
- riñītsos [ri'ɲiːtsos]
- ripo ['ripo]
- n. 3lun. the pit or stone of a fruit.
- rīza ['riːza]
- rizmon ['rizmon]
- n. 3ter. sand
- rōbir ['roːbir]
- ropagon [ro'pagon]
- rōva ['roːva] , comp. rōvykta
- adj. I big
- Davido zaldrīzes aōhos zaldrīzose rōvyktys issa. — David’s dragon is bigger than your dragon.
- rōvēgrie [roː'veːgri͡e]
- rōvēgrī [roː'veːgriː]
- ruaka [ˈru͡aka]
- adj. I dull
- ruaragon [ru͡a'ɾagon]
- v. C-fin. hide (oneself); hen→dat[161] from...
- Kēli hen aōt ruarza. — The cat is hiding from you.[162]
- rudigon [ru'digon]
- v. V-fin. dig
- rughagon [ru'ɣagon]
- perfect: rūdan
- v. C-fin. to drop; in the reflexive to quit.
- Aōle rūda, nūmāzma issa. — You quit, you mean.
- rūklon ['ruːklon]
- n. 3ter. flower[163]
- Rūkluni ynot teptas lua vala bisy issa. — This is the man who gave me some flowers.
- Rullor [rul'lor][164]
- 6for[165] R'hllor, the Lord of Light (possibly from Asshai'i.)
- Olvī voktī Rulloro Qelbriā ūndessun daor. — I don’t see many priestesses of R’hllor in the Riverlands.
- rūs[166] [ruːs]
- n. 3sol. baby, child.
- Ȳghāpī īlōn rāelza, kesrio syt lanta iksan, rūso zȳhosy gōvilirose zijo syt pyghas lue prūmie. — He holds us safe, for now I am two, with his child beneath the heart that beats for him.
- rȳbagon ['ryːbagon]
- perfect: ryptan
- v. C-fin. to hear.
- Jeva jorepna ryptas se pōnte udlitas. — He has heard your prayers and answered them.
- ryptegon ['ryptegon]
- v. V-fin. to listen (eventative of rȳbagon.)
- rytsa ['rytsa]
- adj. I healthy
- rytsas ['rytsas]
- exp. hello. ( < rytsa)
S
- saelie ['saɛ̯li͡e] -ior
- sagon ['sagon]
- sambar ['sambar]
- n. 1aq. cloud
- sambrar ['sambrar]
- se [se]
- conj. and
- Gryves se Riña Litse. — The Bear and the Maiden Fair.
- sēnagon ['seːnagon]
- sepār ['sepaːr]
- conj. and especially where consecutivity is implied, and then, next ( < se + an unknown element -pār.)
- Mirri ōdria uēpi dōrī drējī zgiēñisi, sepār hen mībājȳr udīr ānogrosa anehussi. — Some old wounds never truly heal, and bleed again at the slightest word.
- conj. just as
- Elēni ñuhe jogeltigon sylutis, sepār jevon jogeltigon sylussi. Yn kostosy daor. — They tried to silence my voice, as they try to silence yours. But they cannot.
- sesīr ['sesiːr]
- conj. even; and now; and so. ( < se "and" + sīr "now".)
- Morghot nēdyssy sesīr zūgusy azantys vestras. — The knight says that even the brave men fear death.
- Sesīr Urnēbion Zȳhon Keliton Issa. — And Now His Watch Is Ended.
- Tubī hae kesīr sittāks, sesīr kirine iksan. — You were born on a day like this one, and so I am happy.
- sīglie ['siːgli͡e] -ior
- sigligon ['sigligon]
- perfect: siglitan
- v. V-fin. to bear again ( < sikagon + -ligon.)
- in the passive to be born again
- Vys verdlios perzomy siglitaks! Dāria Zaldrīzoti! — From the fire she was reborn to remake the world! The Dragon Queen!
- sikagon [si'kagon]
- perfect: sittan
- v. C-fin. to give birth to, to bear (prob. sagon, or its aorist sigon, + -ikagon.)
- Tubī hae kesīr sittāks, sesīr kirine iksan. — You were born on a day like this one, and so I am happy.
- sīkuda ['siːkuda] -ys, -on, -on
- sīkudēpsa ['siːkudeːpsa] indec.
- num. seventy
- sīmonagon [siːmo'nagon]
- perfect: sīmontan
- v. C-fin. to rise
- sindigon ['sindigon]
- perfect: sindita
- v. V-fin. to buy[169]
- Hae jeme istin. Sindity se liorty, qilonty se ozbārty, qrillaetty se vaogēdy. — I was once as you are now. Bought and sold, scourged and branded, raped and defiled.
- sīr [siːr]
- adv. now
- Yn dāeri vali sīr issi — But you are free men now.
- sīudīblie ['siːudiːbli͡e] -ior
- skore ['skoɾe] -ior
- skorī ['skoɾiː]
- int.pron. when?
- Skorī vala rōbir angotas? — When did the man bite the fig?
- conj./rel.pron. when
- Skorī dēmalȳti tymptir tymis, ērinis iā morghūlis. — When you play the game of thrones, you win or you die.
- skorion ['skoɾi͡on]
- int.pron. 3ter. what esp. for places, mass nouns, and abstracts
- "Skorion massitas?" — "What happened?"
- skorio syt why
- skoriot ['skoɾi͡ot]
- skoros ['skoɾos]
- int.pron. 3sol. what esp. for concrete, countable items
- Skoros otāpā? — What do you think?
- Skoroso jemēle brōzāt? — What are your names?
- skoro syt why
- skorkydoso [skoɾky'doso]
- skorȳso ['skoɾyːso]
- int.pron. why; conj. because properly used in this sense only in response to a question. (instrumental of skoros.)
- sombāzmion [som'baːzmi͡on]
- sōna ['soːna]
- n. 1lun. snow. gen.col. Sōnaro Snow surname used by acknowledged bastards in The North of Westeros.
- sōnar ['soːnar]
- sōpagon ['soːpagon]
- v. C-fin. to laugh
- sōvegon ['soːvegon]
- v. V-fin. to fly
- sōvemagon ['soːvemagon]
- v. C-fin. (irreg.) to make fly ( < sōvegon + -emagon.)
- Vestriarja īlōn sōvemagon kostis. — Stories can make us fly.[173]
- spare ['spaɾe] -ior
- sparion ['spaɾi͡on]
- sparos ['spaɾos]
- int.pron. who esp. for concrete, countable entities.
- Sparos rōbir angotas. — Who bit the fig?
- sparo syt For whom? On account of whom? For whose sake?
- sūmar[174] ['suːmar] sūbr-
- suvion [ˈsuvio͡n]
- n. 3ter ice
- Ziry kivio dārilaros issa, se zȳhon suvio perzō vāedar issa. — He is the prince that was promised, and his is the song of ice and fire.
- sylugon [sy'lugon]
- perfect: sylutan
- v. V-fin. to try[175]
- Elēni ñuhe jogeltigon sylutis, sepār jevon jogeltigon sylussi. Yn kostosy daor. — They tried to silence my voice, as they try to silence yours. But they cannot.
- sylutegon [sylu'tegon]
- sȳndor ['syːndor]
- n. 3aq.[176] shadow [132]
- Peldiō sȳndor. — The viper's shadow.
- Sȳndror ilis luo tegunno Mordrot. — In the land of Mordor, where the shadows lie[64]
- sȳndror darkness [50]
- … se sȳndrori jorrāelis lȳr… — … and those who love the darkness…
- sȳrī [ˈsyːɾiː]
- adv. well
- Sȳrī avy ūjus dohaeragon. — May it serve you well.
- syt [syt]
- postp.→gen. for. Skoro syt why? (prob. historically the locative or dative of an unknown or lost noun, perhaps something like *sion, or maybe something related to sȳz, with the idea of for the good of....)
- rūso zȳhosy gōvilirose zijo syt pyghas lue prūmie. — with his child beneath the heart that beats for him.
- sytiderēbagon [sytide'ɾeːbagon]
- perfect: sytiderēptan
- v. Obl. appl. C-fin. to chose for, select for. +acc: the person for whom the thing is selected (this applies even in the passive), +dat: the thing selected. ( < syt- + i- + derēbagon.)
- Vala rōbrȳti Aeri sytiderēbza. — The man selects figs for Aerys."
- Aeri sytiderēbaks. — Aerys is selected for.
- sytilībagon [syti'liːbagon]
- sytivīlībagon [sytiviː'liːbagon]
- v. Obl. appl. C-fin. to fight for →acc. ( < syt- + i- + vīlībagon "to fight".)
- Yne sytivīlībilāt? Hae dāero valoti? — Will you fight for me? As free men?
- sȳz [syːz] sȳrior
- adj. II good
- Kydȳptakson sȳz kesos. — It would be good to have been measured.[34]
- Yn kesys tubis hen mirro tubiot sȳrpys issa. — But today is as good a day as any.[177]
- Jaehossas sȳris sātās — Gods be good![65]
T
- tāemītsos ['taːɛ̯miːtsos]
- n. 3sol. stick (diminutive of unattested noun, presumably meaning something like branch.)
- tala ['tala]
- Targārien [taɾ'gaːɾi͡en]
- n. 4ter.[13] Targaryen a family name.
- Nyke Daenerys Jelmāzmo hen Targārio Lentrot. — I am Daenerys Stormborn of the House Targaryen.
- tatagon [ta'tagon]
- v. C-fin. to finish.
- perfect: tetan
- tēgie ['teːgi͡e] -ior
- adj. III curved
- tēgigon ['teːgigon]
- v. V-fin. intrans. to curve, be curved.
- tēgir ['teːgir]
- n. 5aq. curve
- tegon ['tegon]
- tegōñe [te'goːɳe] -or
- tegun ['tegun]
- n. 6col.3ter. land. coll. tegor lands collectively.[180] (relex. pauc. of tegon)
- Sȳndror ilis luo tegunno Mordrot. — In the land of Mordor, where the shadows lie[64]
- temby ['temby]
- n. 2lun. leaf.
- tembyr ['tembyr]
- tepagon ['tepagon]
- v. C-fin. to give.
- perfect: teptan
- Kesȳ tubī jemot dāervi tepan. — Today I give you freedom.
- Thoros ['θoɾos]
- n. 3sol(?) Thoros, a name.
- tīkor ['tiːkor]
- tīkos ['tiːkos]
- tīkun ['tiːkun] (pauc. of tīkos.)
- timpa ['timpa] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I white
- tindon ['tindon]
- n. 3ter. root
- tista ['tista] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I dry (poss. a perf. part.)
- tistālior [ti'staːli͡or]
- n. 6col?.3ter? bank (prob. coll. of *tistālion store room lit. drying place < tista + -lion.)
- Āegenkor Tistālior jāhor gūrotriri emilza. — The Iron Bank will have its due.[5]
- tolī ['toliː]
- adv. above; after[56]
- excessively, too
- Mittys iksā. Āeksia tolī kostōbi issi. — You’re a fool. The masters are too strong.
- more[4]
- Tolī rhūqo lōtinti, kostilus. — More pigeon pie, please.
- tolie ['toli͡e] -ior
- adj. III other (perh. lit. higher, cf. tolī, toliot.)
- Muñar aōt teptas lue brōzi, iā mirre tolie iderēbās. — Choose the name your parents gave you, or any other.
- toliot ['toli͡ot]
- post.→gen. above, over; after[56]
- tolmio ['tolmi͡o]
- tolmiot ['tolmi͡ot]
- adv. far
- post.→gen. across (loc. of tolmio, "far side." This is why it can be combined with hen.)
- Olvie hen embraro tolmiot nykēlot avy ivestragon issa. — So much news I have to give you from over the seas.
- tolvie ['tolvi͡e] -ior
- adj. III every
- Qilōni pilos lue vale tolvie ossēnātās. — Slay every man who holds a whip.
- tolvys ['tolvys]
- indef.pron. 2sol. everyone
- Tolvys morghūlis. — Everyone must die.
- tōma ['toːma] -ys, -on, -on
- tōmo ['toːmo]
- tōmelie ['toːmeli͡e] -ior
- tōmēpsa [toː'meːpsa] indec.
- num. fifty
- tōmīblie [toː'miːbli͡e] -ior
- tōmītsos [toː'miːtsos]
- trēsy ['treːsy]
- trūma ['truːma]
- adj. I deep
- trūmirī ['truːmiɾiː]
- tubis ['tubis]
- n. 5sol. day; kesȳ tubī, tubī[4] adv. today
- Kesȳ tubī jemot dāervi tepan. — Today I give you freedom.
- Tubī daor. — Not today.[4]
- turgon [tuɾ'gon]
- tymagon [ty'magon]
- perfect: tymptan
- v. C-fin. to play
- tymptir ['tymptir]
- tȳne ['tyːne] -ior
- tyvagon [tyˈvagon]
- perfect: tȳdan
- v. C-fin. to crawl, to creep
- tyvaros [tyˈvaɾos]
- n.sol. serpent, snake (subst. part. of tyvagon.)
U
- ubles ['ubles]
- n. 4sol. eel
- udir ['udir]
- n. 5aq. word[186] (poss. distantly related to ȳdragon.)[187]
- Tīkuni Zōbrī, Udra Zōbriar — Dark Wings, Dark Words
- May also be used, just like English word, in the sense of news:
- Se vasīr dorior udir Drogo bē? — And still no word of Drogon?[188]
- udligon [u'dligon]
- perfect: udlitan
- v. V-fin. to respond, to answer (Poss. *ud- seen udir + -ligon.)
- May be used intransitively:
- Āeksiot zȳhon vaoreznon jepin, se ziksoso udlissis. — I ask the Lord for His favor, and He responds as He will.
- or transitively:
- Jeva jorepna ryptas se pōnte udlitas. — He has heard your prayers and answered them.
- udrāzma [u'draːzma]
- udrir ['udrir]
- n. 6col.5aq. language (relex. coll. of udir.)
- Dōrior dārion udrirzi mijessis. — There’s no country without a language.
- Udrirzi Valyrio ȳdrā? — Do you speak Valyrian?[55]
- uēmagon ['u͡eːmagon]
- v. C-fin. to vomit (could possibly be a Loc. appl. from u-, but if so the base verb is not yet attested. The long ē makes emagon highly unlikely.)
- uēpa ['u͡eːpa]
- adj. I old
- Nyke Daenerys Jelmāzmo hen Targārio Lentrot, hen Valyrio Uēpo ānogār iksan. — I am Daenerys Stormborn of the House Targaryen, of the blood of Old Valyria.
- ūja ['uːja]
- pers.pron. it, (he, she) (terrestrial, aquatic).
- umbagon [ˈumbagon]
- ūñagon [uː'ɳagon]
- v. C-fin. to count
- ūndegon ['uːndetan]
- v. V-fin. to see, to catch sight of, to sight (eventative of urnegon.)
- Olvī voktī Rulloro Qelbriā ūndessun daor. — I don’t see many priestesses of R’hllor in the Riverlands.
- Ābre kustittas lue vale ūndetan. — I saw the man who encouraged the woman.
- unektogon [u'nektogon]
- urnēbagon [uɾ'neːbagon]
- urnēbion [uɾ'neːbi͡on]
- n. 3ter. watch.
- Sesīr Urnēbion Zȳhon Keliton Issa. — And Now His Watch Is Ended.
- urnegon ['uɾnegon]
- perfect: ūndan
- v. V-fin. to see.
V
- va [va]
- prep.→loc. towards, at, near; →dat. to, all the way up to.
- Va oktio remȳti vale jikās. — Send a man to the city gates.
- vāedagon ['vaːɛ̯dagon]
- vāedar ['vaːɛ̯dar]
- n. 1aq. song
- Ziry kivio dārilaros issa, se zȳhon suvio perzō vāedar issa. — He is the prince that was promised, and his is the song of ice and fire.
- vala ['vala]
- n. 1lun. man. Valar morghūlis All men must die, a common greeting. Valar dohaeris All men must serve, the response to valar morghūlis
- Henujagon jaelza lua vala mirre henujagon kostas. — Any man who wishes to leave may leave.
- valonqar [va'loɴqar]
- Valyria [va'lyɾi͡a]
- n. 1lun. Valyria. The Valyrian language.
- Zȳha Valyria qupēgrie issa. — His Valyrian is terrible[50]
- Valyrio, Valyrio udrir the Valyrian language.
- Valyrio muño ēngos ñuhys issa. — Valyrian is my mother tongue.
- Valyrīha [valy'ɾiːha]
- Valyrīhy [valy'ɾiːhy]
- n. 2lun. Valyrian, i.e. a Valyrian person, or a person from the Valyrian peninsula. (Substantivized form of Valyrīha.)
- valzȳrys [val'zyːɾys]
- n. 2sol. husband ( < vala + -zȳrys.)
- Nykēlo syt ūndon daor luo valzȳro ñōghossi ōressiks. — I find myself held by the arms of a husband I never expected to have.
- vamiot ['vami͡ot]
- adv. near (possibly the locative of an unknown noun, containing va-)
- vandis ['vandis]
- n. 5sol. bull, male head of cattle
- vaogemagon [vaɔ̯ge'magon]
- perfect: vaogēdan
- v. C-fin. (irreg.) to sully, to defile ( < *vaog- seen in vaogenka + -emagon.)
- Hae jeme istin. Sindity se liorty, qilonty se ozbārty, qrillaetty se vaogēdy. — I was once as you are now. Bought and sold, scourged and branded, raped and defiled.
- vaogenka [vaɔ̯'geŋka] -ys, -on, -or
- vaokses ['vaɔ̯kses]
- vaoresagon ['vaɔ̯ɾesagon]
- v. Loc. appl. C-fin. to prefer, to favor →gen/dat. ( < va- + u- + *resagon)
- Valo luo vaoresan. — I prefer one which is a man‘s.
- vaoreznon [vaɔ̯'ɾeznon]
- n. 3ter. favor ( < vaoresagon + -non.)
- Āeksiot zȳhon vaoreznon jepin, se ziksoso udlissis. — I ask the Lord for His favor, and He responds as He will.
- vasīr ['vasiːr]
- adv. still, as yet, so far ( < va + sīr.)
- Se vasīr Drogon ūndetoks daor? — And as yet Drogon hasn’t been sighted?[188]
- vasrie ['vasri͡e], vajie ['vaji͡e] -ior
- adj. III thin
- vēdros ['veːdros]
- n. 3sol. anger
- Vēdroso, vīlīpti. — In anger, we fought.
- vējes ['veːjes]
- n. 4sol. fate, doom (including The Doom of Valyria)[192]
- Lodaor hēnkos vējose hae Astaprot Yunkai botilza. — Otherwise, Yunkai will suffer the same fate as Astapor.
- in the inst. vējose! intj. "By fate!"[193]
- vējōñe [veː'joːɳe] -or
- velkrys ['velkrys]
- verdagon ['veɾdagon]
- perfect: vēttan
- v. C-fin. to arrange; to make (a decision).
- Lo jention mirre nūmāzme ēza, iderenna qopsa verdagon issa. — If leadership is about anything, it’s about making hard choices.
- verdligon ['veɾdligon]
- perfect: verdlitan
- v. V-fin. to remake, recreate ( < verdagon + -ligon.)
- Vys verdlios perzomy siglitaks! Dāria Zaldrīzoti! — From the fire she was reborn to remake the world! The Dragon Queen!
- Vesteros ['vesteros]
- n. 3sol. Westeros
- Dāria Sikudo Dārȳti Vestero — the Queen of the Seven Kingdoms of Westeros
- vestragon ['vestragon]
- perfect: vestretan
- v. C-fin. to say
- Skoros morghot vestri? — What do we say to death?[194]
- with impersonal subject it seems →dat. to[195]
- vestriarzir [ves'tri͡aɾzir]
- n. 5aq[196] story (substantivized aorist passive participle of vestragon, lit. that which is (ever/habituatlly/generally) told.)
- Vestriarja īlōn sōvemagon kostis. — Stories can make us fly.[173]
- vestretir ['vestretir]
- n. 5aq. proclamation, statement[197] (substantivized perfect participle of vestragon, lit. that which has been said.)
- vēttir ['veːttir]
- n. 5aq. a law (referring to a specific one), regulation[198] (substantivized perfect participle of verdagon, lit. what has been arranged.)
- col. vēttrir the law in general.
- Vēttrir vēttrir issa. — The law is the law.[199]
- vēzor ['veːzor] vēj-
- vēzos ['veːzos]
- vēzenka [veː'zeŋka]
- vīlībagon [viː'liːbagon]
- v. C-fin. to fight
- Tolvi zijo syt vilībari morghūljosy li henkiri sigliliks. — All those who die fighting for her shall be reborn in kind.
- vīlībāzma [viːliː'baːzma]
- n. 1lun. war, battle ( < vīlībagon + -āzma.); instr. vīlībāzmosa by combat (concerning a trial)
- Vīlībāzma ajomemēbza, yn aderī, mōrī, aōt māzīli se hēnkirī īlvi biarvī manaerili. — The war rages on, but soon, when it is all over, we shall come to you and celebrate together.
- vokemagon [voke'magon]
- v. C-fin. (irreg.) to purify (From a root *vok- pure, also seen in voktys, + -emagon.)
- Pyryrzy napasirossa vokemilzi, va daorunta ñelli qringaomnā pōjo zālari. — They will purify nonbelievers by the thousands, burning their sins and flesh away.
- voktys ['voktys]
- n. 2sol. priest, priestess. (From a root *vok- pure, also seen in vokemagon, + -tys.)
- Voktys Eglie aōt gaomilaksir teptas. — The High Priest gave you a mission.
- vōljes ['voːʎes]
- n. 4sol. raven
- vollie ['volli͡e] -ior
- vōre ['voːɾe] -ior
- vōrēpsa [voː'ɾeːpsa] indec.
- num. ninety.
- vōrīblie [voː'ɾiːbli͡e] -ior
- vūjigon ['vuːjigon]
- v. V-fin. to kiss
- Perzo Vūjita — Kissed by Fire
- Vala abre vūjitas. Vale abra vūjitas. — The man kissed the woman. The woman kissed the man.[55]
- vys [vys] vyh-?
- n. 3sol? world
- Vys verdlios perzomy siglitaks! Dāria Zaldrīzoti! — From the fire she was reborn to remake the world! The Dragon Queen!
Y
- ybon ['ybon]
- n. 3ter. knee
- ȳdragon ['yːdragon]
- v. V-fin. to speak; →inst. a language
- Quptenkos Ēngoso ȳdrassis? — Do you speak the Common tongue?
- Udrirzi Valyrio ȳdrā? — Do you speak Valyrian?[55]
- ȳgha ['yːɣa]
- adj. I safe
- Ȳghāpī īlōn rāelza — He holds us safe
- yknagon ['yknagon]
- v. V-fin. to smell
- yn [yn]
- conj. but.
- qilōni pilos lue vale tolvie ossēnātās, yn riñe dōre ōdrikātās. — slay every man who holds a whip, but harm no child.
- yne, ynot etc., see nyke.
- ȳrda ['yːrda] -ys, -on, -or
- adj. I narrow
- ȳrgos ['yːrgos]
- n. 3sol. neck
- Yunkai ['juŋkai̯] gen. Yunkaiho
- n. 6for.ter Yunkai ( < Ghiscari)
- Lodaor hēnkos vējose hae Astaprot Yunkai botilza. — Otherwise, Yunkai will suffer the same fate as Astapor.
Z
- zālagon ['zaːlagon]
- perfect: zaltan?
- v. C-fin. to burn. va daorunta zālagon to burn away, to burn to nothing
- Pyryrzy napasirossa vokemilzi, va daorunta ñelli qringaomnā pōjo zālari. — They will purify nonbelievers by the thousands, burning their sins and flesh away.
- zaldrīzes [zal'driːzes]
- zentys ['zentys]
- n.2sol. guest
- Bisi vali īlvyz zentyssy issi. — These men are our guests.
- ziksoso [zi'ksoso]
- adv. in his way, as he wishes (unknown; cf. ñyhoso & aōhoso for which corresponding form should be *zȳhoso.)
- Āeksiot zȳhon vaoreznon jepin, se ziksoso udlissis. — I ask the Lord for His favor, and He responds as He will.
- zīragon ['ziːɾagon]
- ziry ['ziɾy]
- pron. he, she, (it) (solar & lunar).
- zirȳla [zi'ɾyːla]
- zōbrie ['zoːbri͡e], -ior
- adj. III dark; black
- Tīkuni Zōbrī, Udra Zōbriar — Dark Wings, Dark Words
- zokla ['zokla]
- n. 1lun. wolf
- zoklītsos [zo'kliːtsos]
- zūgagon ['zuːgagon]
- v. C-fin. to fear apparently assigns a dative, or possibly a locative
- Morghot nēdyssy sesīr zūgusy azantys vestras. — The knight says that even the brave men fear death.
- zūger ['zuːger]
- n. perh. 4sol. or 6col. fear[54]
- Sȳndroso lykāpa, myrdomy aderpa, iēdrosa gīdāpa. Zūger korzose trūmȳtrī nektossis. — Quiet as a shadow, swift as a deer, calm as still water. Fear cuts deeper than swords.
- zȳha ['zyːha] -ys, -on, -or
- zȳhon ['zyːhon]
- poss.pron. 3ter. his, hers, (its).
- Zȳhon suvio perzō vāedar issa. — His is the song of ice and fire.
Abbreviations
- adj. adjective
- adv. adverb
- aq. or ≈ aquatic
- conj. conjunction
- dem. demonstrative
- exp. expression
- intj. interjection
- lun. or ☾ lunar
- n. noun
- num. numeral
- postp. postposition
- pron. pronoun
- prep. preposition
- sol. or ☉ solar
- ter. or ♁ terrestrial
- v. verb
- C-fin. consonant-final
- V-fin. vowel-final
- →acc. triggers accusative
- →gen. triggers genitive
- →dat. triggers dative
- →inst. triggers instrumental
- →loc. triggers locative
- ° unexpected gender
Further Information
For information on conjugation, declension, etc. see the pages below.
For words listed according to subject matter, see
Notes
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/52258261806/thank-you-for-the-castithian-my-friend-and-i-just
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/338005118010130432, https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/347619785397370880
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/92768950255/hello-i-was-just-wondering-if-like-in-a-previous-post
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 http://www.makinggameofthrones.com/production-diary/2014/5/8/high-valyrian-101-learn-and-pronounce-common-phrases
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 http://www.dothraki.com/2014/06/rinar/#comment-38103
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/92768950255/hello-i-was-just-wondering-if-like-in-a-previous-post
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/474704833518116864
- ↑ Form reconstructed from perfect angotas. May be incorrect.
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/92671165154/hi-mr-peterson-i-admire-what-you-did-for-game-of
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/88694557124/love-your-work-in-game-of-thrones-i-was-wondering-if#comment-1434792964
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/119626846322/ive-been-looking-around-the-hv-wiki-pages-and-the
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2013/05/gryves-se-rina-litse/#comment-2143
- ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 Gender confirmed
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/451498834666221568
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/451761993121161216
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-85570
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/69709127260/hi-huge-fan-of-your-work-on-thrones-really-brougt-the
- ↑ Lexical form, gender, gloss: https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/348732679384076288; etymology: https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/348858959114948609
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/438934775563157505
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 http://www.dothraki.com/2014/02/relative-clauses-in-high-valyrian/#comment-7846
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/78803739713/hi-david-a-friend-of-mine-wants-to-get-all-men-must
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/ask#comment-1674963176
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 http://www.dothraki.com/2014/02/relative-clauses-in-high-valyrian/#comment-7851
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/335166657926410240
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/509053010991788032
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 http://www.dothraki.com/2015/02/we-have-a-new-winner/
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/94646713173/how-do-you-say-to-rain-in-hv-is-it-daomio-ropagon
- ↑ Peterson, David (2015). The Art of Language Invention : from Horse-Lords to Dark Elves, the words behind world-building. New York, New York: Penguin Books. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-14-312646-1., revealed before release at https://twitter.com/GretchenAMcC/status/635850295130595328?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 http://www.whosay.com/articles/1559-how-do-you-say-game-of-thrones-in-high-valyrian
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/424640427719786497
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/130164397557/i-saw-your-high-valyrian-translation-of-reform
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2015/09/how-would-donald-trump-sound-dothraki
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/93606199925/whats-all-women-must-die-in-high-valyrian-wink
- ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/91382440334/is-there-such-a-thing-as-a-passive-infinitive-in-high#permalink-notes
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 http://www.dothraki.com/2014/06/rinar/#comment-46878
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-84258
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/91682702722/valar-morghulis-i-need-some-help-in-translating-a
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/91661010691/hi-mr-peterson-i-have-a-friend-who-wants-to-know-how
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/119452523036/any-chance-youre-allowed-to-provide-a-transcript
- ↑ https://www.facebook.com/eleni.mandell.1/posts/10153866837815220
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/452973907188793344
- ↑ The word for “sea” in High Valyrian is embar (or, more figurately, embrar) —DJP
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/94386491674/how-do-you-say-otter-in-high-valyrian
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/95122949762/hi-i-am-a-really-big-fan-of-your-work-especially-with
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/95122949762/hi-i-am-a-really-big-fan-of-your-work-especially
- ↑ 46.0 46.1 46.2 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/121691127784/hey-i-recently-got-a-pet-snake-and-wanted-a-name
- ↑ 47.0 47.1 https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/508612.David_J_Peterson (Not clear if mirros should be translated "something," or "anything," but the former seems more appropriate for a Type 1 substantive.
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-85299
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/53805143580/hi-david-im-a-huge-fan-of-your-work-d-i-have-a
- ↑ 50.0 50.1 50.2 50.3 50.4 50.5 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/143383597638/valyrian-and-dothraki-dialogue-episode-601-of
- ↑ Meaning is approximately "may your path be straight."
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-85573
- ↑ 53.0 53.1 http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/
- ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/134348169425/hi-there-im-sprekenze-dick-from-the-question
- ↑ 55.00 55.01 55.02 55.03 55.04 55.05 55.06 55.07 55.08 55.09 55.10 55.11 55.12 55.13 55.14 Peterson, David (2015). The Art of Language Invention : from Horse-Lords to Dark Elves, the words behind world-building. New York, New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-312646-1.
- ↑ 56.0 56.1 56.2 http://www.dothraki.com/2014/01/elat-kathivezhofari/
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/576521593104543744 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/113644671562/could-you-tell-us-wheel-so-that-we-can-do-im
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2013/04/sesir-urnebion-zȳhon-keliton-issa/#comment-1265, http://www.vulture.com/2013/04/game-of-thrones-dothraki-language-inventor.html
- ↑ 59.0 59.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/96486949844/i-was-just-recommended-your-blog-and-wow
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/91890097707/i-want-her-collar-to-have-inscribed-in-it-in-high
- ↑ 61.0 61.1 61.2 The names for the solar and lunar genders were long thought to be vēzenkor qogror and hūrenkor qogror, due to this comment, but DJP has since clarified that that was in error, and that qogror is indeed terrestrial, precisely as one would expect. As this error has persisted uncorrected for two years, it has already been propagated to any discussions of HV on the internet. If you are in a position to do so, please correct any references you may find to ˣvēzenkor qogror or ˣhūrenkor qogror to vēzenkon and hūrenkon respectively.
- ↑ 62.0 62.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/97662740892/hey-hey-hi-i-was-wondering-if-you-could-tell-me
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2011/09/the-header-script/#comment-93965
- ↑ 64.0 64.1 64.2 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/121116158163/can-you-translate-in-the-land-of-mordor-where
- ↑ 65.0 65.1 65.2 http://geekyconblr.tumblr.com/post/116039992144/this-might-be-the-coolest-special-guest
- ↑ 66.0 66.1 66.2 66.3 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/121683073283/were-the-pit-fighters-saying-a-high-valyrian
- ↑ 67.0 67.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/88003383998/hmm-would-it-be-too-much-to-ask-what-let-it-go-or
- ↑ DJP is somewhat uneasy with this form, though he concedes it is valid:
- "As for sr > j, yes, you could list those as in free variation, though for myself, I’d be hesitant to do ioje. I like iosre better. But that doesn’t mean ioje isn’t acceptable by any means."
- ↑ 69.0 69.1 69.2 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/107545400399/what-are-the-perfect-stems-of-umbagon-vaedagon
- ↑ DJP originally said this was not the applicative i-, or at least not so analyzed in Classical High Valyrian: https://www.facebook.com/Dedalvs/posts/10152824337550207?comment_id=40431635&offset=0&total_comments=7. However, in later conversation he revealed that it actually is an applicatve in origin.
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/337310280780496896 et seq.
- ↑ 72.0 72.1 72.2 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/53797550110/does-hv-have-words-for-seasons-also-in-the-word
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/474603184929783809
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/352348019221471233
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/130206304747/hi-david-i-was-wondering-is-there-a-word-for
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/84737612397/hi-ever-since-i-was-a-kid-i-wondered-if-it-was
- ↑ 77.0 77.1 77.2 77.3 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/139864549891/do-you-have-a-word-for-north-and-south-in-high
- ↑ 78.0 78.1 http://www.dothraki.com/2013/05/gryves-se-rina-litse/#comment-2096
- ↑ 79.0 79.1 79.2 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/107610313810/jolloragon-is-to-study-so-what-does-loragon
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/107328192595/hi-david-lori-from-vegas-id-love-to-tattoo
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-83146
- ↑ 82.0 82.1 http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-85092
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/373713198580371456
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/120048022336/hi-in-hv-keli-is-word-for-cat-and-itsos-is
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/465550610108923904
- ↑ http://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/1chmc4/eseneziri_im_david_peterson_the_creator_of_the/c9glye7
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2014/01/the-treasure-of-the-wastes/#comment-7464
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/92671165154/hi-mr-peterson-i-admire-what-you-did-for-game-of
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/126022622650/in-a-dance-with-dragons-the-tattered-prince-says
- ↑ http://aquestforquintessence.tumblr.com/post/121356065817
- ↑ 91.0 91.1 http://www.whosay.com/articles/1568-how-do-you-say-steel-steal-in-high-valyrian
- ↑ 92.0 92.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/88325977566/hello-im-getting-a-tattoo-pretty-soon-with-the-text
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/89727687332/you-have-such-a-fantastic-blog-perfect-dose-of
- ↑ 94.0 94.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/121289233637/how-you-say-faceless-men-in-valyrian
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/121414275532/lara
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2013/06/some-more-high-valyrian-inflection/#comment-2161
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/588610106226384896
- ↑ https://twitter.com/GretchenAMcC/status/635845315715796993
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/52129761918/saw-this-in-a-reddit-comment-section-and-htought-it
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2014/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save/#comment-7298
- ↑ 101.0 101.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/78803739713/hi-david-a-friend-of-mine-wants-to-get-all-men-must
- ↑ https://mobile.twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/489225828203384833
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/94582504901/how-do-you-say-bat-in-hv
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/95122949762/hi-i-am-a-really-big-fan-of-your-work-especially-with
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2014/06/rinar/#comment-46875
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/114140801248/hey-i-am-getting-a-tattoo-soon-and-ai-would-like
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/93815665904/i-took-a-look-at-the-high-valyrian-orthography-and
- ↑ "I suppose it really depends on how the speaker is feeling. You could certainly drop it straight into the lunar declension I paradigm (same as vala). You could also just strip the final -a in everything but the nominative singular and put it into the paradigm for borrowings. It’s a foreign word, so you never know." —DJP
- ↑ This sentence is unusual in that it was composed by Iustinus rather than DJP. However, DJP did correct this sentence, and confirm that the use of mirros in this sense was valid. As it is our only example (so far) of that usage, it seemed valid to cite it here.
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/126038417371/hiya-could-you-translate-something-into-valyrian
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/92747480573/hi-could-you-translate-my-name-to-high-valyrian-it-is#_=_
- ↑ http://tmblr.co/ZCfvzu1Ti9KAA
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/122447211945/how-do-you-say-jon-snow-isnt-dead-in-valyrian
- ↑ 114.0 114.1 114.2 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/51979081366/i-must-say-i-love-your-work-is-there-a-translation
- ↑ 115.0 115.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/109247050112/how-to-say-love-is-weakness-in-high-valyrian
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/95122949762/hi-i-am-a-really-big-fan-of-your-work-especially-with
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/103850253334/how-do-you-say-east-in-hv-it-begins-with-naqo
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/400882778138349568
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/54359640759/seeing-your-name-ask-just-a-few-ago-makes-me-curious
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/491113189849853953
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/349242524906438656
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/82008642642/hey-im-a-huge-fan-of-the-work-you-do-on-game-of
- ↑ 123.0 123.1 http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-85745
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/69709127260/hi-huge-fan-of-your-work-on-thrones-really-brougt-the#disqus_thread
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2015/02/we-have-a-new-winner/#comment-85806
- ↑
- Christian Thalmann: Hmmm, could sȳngagon "to scare" be primordially related to zūgagon "to fear", like ȳdragon "to speak" and udir "word" might be?
- David J. Peterson: I suppose it could, but in this case it is not: it's primordially related to something else.
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/94656655691/hi-i-absolutely-love-the-languages-you-created-for
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/607413757350809600
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-85525
- ↑ http://www.unstuckbooks.org/1/post/2014/01/the-language-experiment-an-interview-with-david-j-peterson.html
- ↑ 131.0 131.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/52747943689/hi-im-a-big-fan-of-your-work-on-game-of-thrones-and
- ↑ 132.0 132.1 http://tmblr.co/ZCfvzu1QuCNSU
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2013/04/sesir-urnebion-zȳhon-keliton-issa/#comment-1178, http://www.dothraki.com/2014/02/relative-clauses-in-high-valyrian/#comment-7846
- ↑ 134.0 134.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/85073783014/whats-the-high-valyrian-word-for-dragonglass-obsidian
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/94376285120/how-do-you-say-apple-in-hv-is-it-lunar-like-gerpa#_=_
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/343078908415066112
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2013/06/some-more-high-valyrian-inflection/#comment-2035
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/425106456510074880
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/94386491674/how-do-you-say-otter-in-high-valyrian
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/474698086950793217
- ↑ Form presumed based on qilonty and qilonārion.
- ↑ 142.0 142.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/96907499002/you-just-said-qridronnor-is-the-hv-word-for-chaos
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/94740862654/you-said-bianor-biadra-was-subject-to-the
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2013/06/some-more-high-valyrian-inflection/#comment-2079
- ↑ http://ic.pics.livejournal.com/jdm314/492753/3125/3125_300.png
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/100781485428/hello-mr-peterson-first-of-all-congratulations
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/93634645640/whats-the-past-tense-of-raqagon-raqtan-rattan
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2014/02/relative-clauses-in-high-valyrian/#comment-7667
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/137111885757/ahhhhhhh-i-havent-been-on-tumblr-in-a-few-days
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/60283121214/hey-there-im-a-big-fan-of-your-works-i-was-wondering
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2015/06/valahd/#comment-100401
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2013/07/valyrian-adjectives/#comment-2171
- ↑ 153.0 153.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/103841342123/hi-i-wanted-to-translate-i-begin-my-day-with
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/134341895420/lexember-2015
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/359200104382607360
- ↑ But this is not "set in stone": http://www.dothraki.com/2015/02/we-have-a-new-winner/#comment-85851
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/119387023579/sorry-about-that-how-do-you-say-congratulations
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/60283121214/hey-there-im-a-big-fan-of-your-works-i-was-wondering
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2014/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save/#comment-7331
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/65717684734/hey-there-david-i-was-wondering-how-would-one-say#disqus_thread
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/603437916082335744
- ↑ http://www.whosay.com/status/davidjpeterson/1107697, https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/603293497588916224
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/386360871313629184
- ↑ It is possible that this should actually be Rullōr [rul'loːr]: "I just kept an irregular stress pattern, since it’s a borrowing. That said, it’s not as if the rules are hard and fast for how a borrowed word should be rendered. It very well could come out as Rullōr. That wouldn’t explain its nominative stress pattern (word-final), but it would explain the rest of the paradigm." —DJP
- ↑ It may be assumed this name follows the "foreign" declension, given that it is clearly a borrowing, and has irregular stress. But the only oblique case we've encountered is gen. Rullóro, which could indicate any declension class at all.
- ↑ For the citation form rūs, see http://www.dothraki.com/2013/06/mhysa/#comment-1926
- ↑ Peterson, David (2015). The Art of Language Invention : from Horse-Lords to Dark Elves, the words behind world-building. New York, New York: Penguin Books. p. 270. ISBN 978-0-14-312646-1.
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/85369375334/grey-worm-says-kill-the-masters-in-valyrian-in-a (presumably the short e is a typo), http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/118731657289/how-would-you-say-fire-cannot-kill-a-dragon-in
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2013/05/tȳni-tresi/#comment-1764
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/357282200112218115
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/112862909962/thatsvalyrious-thank-you-mario-but-our-heir-to#comment-1891392739
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/48918159946/hi-i-know-youre-busy-but-can-i-ask-you-something
- ↑ 173.0 173.1 http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/118971485709/hi-i-was-wondering-how-you-would-say-stories-can
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/110910885973/how-do-you-say-tea-in-hv-is-it-subar-or
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/110291243121/what-does-sylugon-mean-sylutegon-hv
- ↑ Formerly thought to be 6col., per http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/97579530014/how-do-you-say-the-vipers-shadow-in-hv-and#comment-1841093921. Now known to be 3aq.: http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/121116158163/can-you-translate-in-the-land-of-mordor-where#comment-2070602424
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/118392872372/text-asshekh-ray-jad-its-use-your-mother
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/335160470984069120, http://www.dothraki.com/2013/05/tȳni-tresi/
- ↑ But this has been cast into doubt by http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/94365589689/how-do-i-say-i-am-trent-of-the-land-in-high
- ↑ 180.0 180.1
- Tegun is actually "land" (paucal, terrestrial). Tegor would work if you need to say "lands" collective (e.g. "These are my various lands").
- ↑ http://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/1chmc4/eseneziri_im_david_peterson_the_creator_of_the/c9glye7, http://www.dothraki.com/2013/08/valyrian-numerals
- ↑ 182.0 182.1 182.2 http://www.dothraki.com/2013/06/some-more-high-valyrian-inflection/#comment-2126
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2016/01/asshekhqoyi-vezhvenagain/#comment-117032
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/335164222797398016, http://www.dothraki.com/2013/05/tȳni-tresi/
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/335156670466490368
- ↑ Lexical form: https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/349242524906438656
- ↑ "The stem of "word" is ud-. The stem of "speak" is ȳdra- .... However, they may be related. It would be at a time in prehistory." —DJP, IRC
- ↑ 188.0 188.1 http://www.dothraki.com/2014/06/rinar/#comment-35391
- ↑ https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/421794510801096704
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2013/04/sesir-urnebion-z%C8%B3hon-keliton-issa/#comment-1255
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/106751117720/how-do-you-say-spider-and-spiderweb-in-hv
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/96562098256/do-you-have-a-word-as-mentioned-in-the-books-in-high
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-84261
- ↑ http://www.makinggameofthrones.com/production-diary/2014/5/8/high-valyrian-101-learn-and-pronounce-common-phrases
- ↑ http://www.dothraki.com/2015/01/asshekhqoyi-anni-save-save-save/#comment-84262
- ↑ On the declension, see http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/118971485709/hi-i-was-wondering-how-you-would-say-stories-can#disqus_thread
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/69007223679/how-would-you-say-primary-and-secondary-in-valyrian
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/120130992540/you-wrote-vettrir-is-the-word-for-the-law-its
- ↑ http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/117187344410/hey-david-could-you-explain-how-vettri-vettri
Vocabulary |
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Dothraki • High Valyrian • Astapori Valyrian • Meereenese Valyrian |